PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
**THE BELOW ACTIVITY NARRATIVE WAS CHANGED IN APRIL 2009 REPROGRAMMING**
This activity expands on SMA's FY 2007 COP HIV/AIDS AB prevention program for the (i) PolAction project
with the Namibian Police under the Ministry of Safety and Security (MoSS) and (ii) Corridors of Hope (COH)
project. Both projects started in 2005.
While Namibia is experiencing a generalized epidemic, initial data analysis suggests there are geographic
hotspots typical of a concentrated epidemic, as well as most at-risk populations (MARPs) with risk
behaviors higher than that of the general population.
These hotspots include the northern regions of Namibia where >45% of the population resides, land and
water borders (the coast), areas with high migrant populations (cities, mines, large agricultural farms), and
transit corridors.
Goal and objectives of SMA'S HIV/AIDS AB prevention program:
The goal of SMA's HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care (HAPAC) Program is to increase the capacity of SMA to
provide high quality HIV AB prevention programs to the most at risk population through well designed and
targeted BCC programs delivering target specific messaging.
Target audience and target message themes:
The primary target audiences are Truckers, Fishermen, Female out-of-school youth (FOSY), and the police.
Secondary targets include the male out of school youth (MOSY), in-school youth (ISY) and general
community members dwelling in the selected hot spots / high risk communities.
Under the PolAction project the target audience is the police force. SMA operates in all 13 political regions
of Namibia and these are serviced through the seven SMA regional offices (average of two regions per
SMA regional office) working through the Police Regional HIV Coordinators and the Police HIV Peer
Educators. As a result of the success of the DOD funded military HIV prevention program, SMA is able to
extend lessons and best practices from the military intervention to the Namibian Police and also leverage
human and material resources for maximum impact.
Under the COH project, the target population include: Fishermen, Truckers and female out of school youth
reached through, training institutions, workplaces, peer educators, edutainment approaches, community
based organizations (CBOs), faith-based organizations (FBOs) and partners offering prevention related
health services (CT, STI and TB diagnosis and treatment etc.) in the following regions: Khomas, Erongo,
Oshana, Omusati, Ohangwena, Kavango, Caprivi and Omaheke.
Target AB BCC themes and messages:
Targeted AB themes and messages to the MARPs will focus on: secondary abstinence, multiple and
concurrent sexual partnering (MCP) including cross generational and informal sexual relationships, social
norms that exacerbate risk behaviors including harmful male behaviors, gender and alcohol abuse.
Targeted AB themes and messages to the police work force: Multiple and concurrent sexual partnering, and
secondary abstinence while away from the family.
Fishermen and Truckers: MCP, secondary abstinence while away from home. Others will include gender
and alcohol abuse.
Female Out of School Youth (FOSY): Cross generational and informal sexual relationships, MCP, and
social norms that exacerbate risk behaviors including; gender and alcohol abuse. Negotiation skills, self
esteem and decision making process will be taught to the FOSY to equip them to deal with the challenges
posed by pressure from their peers and older men. .
What is PEPP?
Peer Education Plus Program - an intensive BCC approach with higher dosage that uses a curriculum
based manual focusing on inter-personal communication (IPC).
Guiding principles of PEP
Participation of opinion leaders, gatekeepers and beneficiaries at design and implementation; Advocacy for
rights and improved services; Capacity building of Peers, CBO`s and FBO`s through participation and
experiential learning. Focus is on assisting beneficiaries to THINK, ANALYZE & ACT; programming is at
the individual, family and community level; Cross cutting themes e.g. alcohol, cultural barrier, gender,
stigma etcetera are addressed; Theories of change are used (e.g. diffusion theory, health belief model;
stages of change).
BCC Strategy:
In order to reach its objective of providing high quality BCC to the most at risk population, SMA will use the
ongoing strategy of the community based approach adopting Social Change Communications (SCC).
Selected high risk communities are reached with variety of BCC activities while using the Peer Education
Plus Program (PEPP) as a means of delivering the content. The curriculum based manual is used with the
following target group; Truckers, Fishermen, FOSY, FSW and the Police but tailored to suit the needs of
specific groups.
Specifically SMA will use the PEPP manual with average of 8 modules (dosages) to reach the FOSY and
the Police while using the flip charts with average of four modules (dosages) to reach the Truckers and
fishermen who are more mobile. The current PEPP manual will be revised for the FOSY and Police to
highlight priority messages as indicated above. Four flip charts each will be produced for the fishermen and
Truckers with each flip chart focusing on one key message. Volunteers will be expected to reach over 70%
of the Truckers and Fishermen at the regions where SMA operates. Each flip chart will be used for 6 weeks
Activity Narrative: to enable them reach this target. Thus in 6 months, about 70% of the fishermen and Truckers are expected
to be reached with at least four messages to be repeated in the following six months. The volunteers will do
(male & female) condom demonstration at the end of each IPC and leave behind IEC materials focusing on
the BCC theme to reinforce the messages. For example, PSI/SMA staff, volunteers and peer educators will
focus on delivering one key message at a time, for a set amount of time (typically six weeks), before
concentrating on another key message. The idea behind this strategy is that exposure to one message
over a specified period of time is a more effective method of reinforcing key messages and influencing
behavior than delivering multiple key messages simultaneously during each intervention.
Institutional collaboration;
SMA will collaborate with institutions like NAMFI (a training institutions for seafarers based in Walvisbay) to
deliver training for the fishermen community. Fishermen will be reached with formal training using the tailor
made PEPP curriculum with average of six module (dosages). The training is usually a three day training
conducted quarterly to the fishermen. SMA will negotiate with NAMFI to provide a day for HIV prevention
training each quarter focusing on two BCC themes each day. The trainees will also be trained in peer
counseling and peer facilitation to enable them provide HIV counseling and prevention messages to their
peers while on sea.
For the Truckers, SMA will collaborate with the Walvisbay Corridor Group, HIV/AIDS Help Desk, to provide
the truckers with formal training within their workplaces covering the BCC themes identified above and
referrals for STI, C&T services and TB diagnosis and treatment. Trainees will be provided with HIV tool kit
that includes IEC materials, condoms, referral cards, CDs with HIV prevention messages in the form of
songs, drama, interviews etc.
As part of its sustainability strategy, SMA will also build capacity of CBOs focused on youth programming to
implement the communication mix for the FOSY including the peer education plus program, IPC using the
flip charts, facilitation of listening groups using the listening devices, distribution of male & female condoms
including condom demonstration etc. The CBOs will be expected to continue the intervention with minimal
support from the SMA field staff while the latter move into new high risk communities after a year of
intensive BCC program.
The IPC and trainings described above will be complemented with Community Theater, production and
distribution of CDs with HIV messages specifically for the Truckers, listening device with HIV messages for
FOSY and the Police, Interactive IEC materials like the games board and cards as well as other relevant
IEC materials will also be produced and distributed among the MARP. Bar promotion will remain a key
component of the IPC to reach FSW and their clients and the FOSY. Others include: Video facilitation,
community branding (artistic presentation of messages on key themes such as partner reduction, etc. on
walls within the community in local languages). The above is the communications mix and messages
through the above channels are structured to ensure appropriate dosage.
Capacity building Strategy:
Adult learning methodology will be employed during all SMA trainings and
Field staff will be provided with a follow up training on the peer education plus program methodology.
(PEPP - is an intensive BCC approach with higher dosage of messages that uses a curriculum based
manual), a refresher in program development and management training, MIS and referral system, field
research interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) moderation, and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). BCC
Officers will also be trained on how to facilitate listening groups using a group listening device (An audio
device that plays messages from micro chips for groups of 10 to 15 members. It has the capacity to record
over three hours of messages in the form of drama, songs, spots, interviews, panel discussion etc.) and
collect feedback through the MIS. The SMA field staff in turn will train the Police Regional HIV Coordinators
and Peer Educators.
Also the CBOs and FBOs will be trained by the SMA field staff using a "how to do" tool kit to build their
capacity in community mapping, advocacy, participatory needs assessment, community theater, selection,
training and monitoring of peer educators, gender mainstreaming, referral system, MIS etc. as part of SMA's
sustainability strategy at the community level.
Technical support:
Additional to technical support from PSI and USAID, SMA is working with US government local and prime
partners to integrate program and leverage resources. Partner organizations include:
• EngenderHealth: men and HIV/AIDS, harmful male norms
• C-Change: capacity building for SMA's BCC
• NawaLife Trust media communication partner: Alcohol and HIV
• NABCOA: Private sector HIV Workplace program
• CoHeNA: TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment
Wraparounds and leveraged funding:
The PolAction program is co-funded by Global Fund. Resources leveraged from Global Fund include staff
salaries, travel, production of IEC materials and program support. The COH program is solely funded by
USAID. Also during FY 2009 COP, SMA will be leveraging on its existing structure to integrate TB
awareness and referral into current HIV prevention program. SMA through improvements in its program
delivery and management capacity over the years has been able to attract more funding from other donors
including DFID and the Global Fund to implement the TUSANO post test services for PLWHAs and Malaria
prevention program respectively.
New/Continuing Activity: Continuing Activity
Continuing Activity: 16211
Continued Associated Activity Information
Activity Activity ID USG Agency Prime Partner Mechanism Mechanism ID Mechanism Planned Funds
System ID System ID
16211 4739.08 U.S. Agency for Social Marketing 7380 3072.08 $267,804
International Association/Popul
Development ation Services
International
7419 4739.07 U.S. Agency for Social Marketing 4412 3072.07 $0
4739 4739.06 U.S. Agency for Social Marketing 3072 3072.06 Cooperative $311,502
International Association/Popul Agreement
Emphasis Areas
Gender
* Addressing male norms and behaviors
* Increasing gender equity in HIV/AIDS programs
* Reducing violence and coercion
Health-related Wraparound Programs
* TB
Workplace Programs
Human Capacity Development
Estimated amount of funding that is planned for Human Capacity Development $43,000
Public Health Evaluation
Food and Nutrition: Policy, Tools, and Service Delivery
Food and Nutrition: Commodities
Economic Strengthening
Education
Water
Table 3.3.02:
This activity expands on Social Marketing Association's (SMA) COP07 OP prevention program for the
i) PolAction project with the Namibian Police under the Ministry of Safety and Security (MoSS); and,
ii) Corridors of Hope (COH) project. Both projects started in 2005.
While Namibia is within a generalized epidemic, initial data analysis suggests there are geographic hotspots
typical of a concentrated epidemic, as well as most at-risk populations (MARPs) with risk behaviors higher
than that of the general population.
Within hyper-epidemic geographic hotspots and MARPs, the minimum prevention service package includes
behavioral change communication (BCC) focused on outreach services to MARPs, CT, targeted media,
condom distribution, STI screening and treatment, and referrals to prevention, care and treatment services.
These hotspots include the northern regions of Namibia (where more than 45% of the population resides),
land and water borders, areas with high migrant populations (cities, mines, large agricultural farms), and
Goal and Objectives of SMA'S HIV/AIDS Prevention Program
The goal of the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care (HAPAC) Program is to increase the capacity of SMA to
provide high quality HIV prevention programs to populations at risk through well designed and targeted BCC
programs. The objectives of these programs are to strengthen SMA's capacity to:
i) Implement and monitor HIV/AIDS and TB behavior change programs; and,
ii) Provide high quality, gender sensitive and age appropriate BCC to MARPs for comprehensive prevention
activities in HIV/AIDS and TB.
Target Audience
MARPs included are female sex workers (FSWs), truckers, fishermen, Female out-of-school youth (FOSY),
police and PLWHAs. Secondary targets include the general community, male out-of-school youth and in-
school Youth (ISY). For Police, all 13 regions across Namibia are covered through the seven SMA regional
offices (average of two regions per SMA regional office) working through the Police Regional HIV
Coordinators and the Police HIV Peer Educators. As a result of the success of the DOD funded military HIV
prevention program, SMA was able to extend lessons and best practices from the military intervention to the
Namibian Police and also leverage human and material resources for maximum impact.
reached through, training institutions, workplaces, peer educators, outreach workers, edutainment
approaches, community based organizations (CBOs), faith-based organizations (FBOs) and partners
offering prevention related health services (CT, STI and TB diagnosis and treatment etc.) in the following
regions: Khomas, Erongo, Oshana, Omusati, Ohangwena, Kavango, Caprivi and Omaheke.
OP BCC Themes and Messages
OP themes and messages include issues such as alcohol abuse, STIs, consistent and correct use of
condoms during high-risk sexual encounters, C&T and male circumcision.
Targeted AB themes and messages to the police work force: Correct and Consistent condom use, STIs,
Male circumcision, Voluntary Counseling and Testing and TB prevention and treatment.
Fishermen and Truckers: Correct and consistent condom use, STIs, C&T and MC. Others will include
gender and alcohol abuse.
Female Out of School Youth (FOSY): Correct and consistent condom use, C&T, STIs and social norms that
exacerbate risk behaviors including; gender and alcohol abuse. Negotiation skills, self esteem and decision
making process will be taught to the FOSY to equip them to deal with the challenges posed by their peers
and the older men.
FSW BCC themes and messages include: correct and consistent condom use, condom use negotiation
skills, STIs, C&T, alcohol and drug abuse, communication and skills building.
specific groups. Selection criteria for the high risk communities / hot spots includes the presence of at least
two of the target population and presence of STI, C&T and or TB service providers to facilitate referrals for
these services.
Truckers with each flip chart focusing on one key message and consistent condom use. Volunteers will be
expected to reach over 70% of the Truckers and Fishermen at the regions where SMA operates. Each flip
chart will be used for 6 weeks to enable them reach this target. Thus in 6 months, about 70% of the
fishermen and Truckers are expected to be reached with at least four messages to be repeated in the
following six months. The volunteers will do (male and or female) condom demonstration at the end of each
IPC and leave behind IEC materials focusing on the BCC theme to reinforce the messages. For example,
PSI/SMA staff, volunteers and peer educators will focus on delivering one key message at a time, for a set
amount of time (typically six weeks), before concentrating on another key message. The idea behind this
strategy is that exposure to one message over a specified period of time is a more effective method of
reinforcing key messages and influencing behavior than delivering multiple key messages simultaneously
Activity Narrative: during each intervention.
made PEPP curriculum with average of six modules (dosages). The training is usually a three day training
For the Truckers, SMA will collaborate with the Walvisbay Corridor Group, HIV AIDS Help Desk, to provide
The IPC described above will be complemented with Community Theater, production and distribution of
CDs with HIV messages specifically for the Truckers, listening device with HIV messages for FOSY and the
Police, Interactive IEC materials like the games board and cards as well as other relevant IEC materials will
also be produced and distributed among the MARP. Bar promotion will remain a key component of the IPC
to reach FSW and their clients and the FOSY. Others include: Video facilitation, community branding
(artistic presentation of messages on key themes such as partner reduction, correct and consistent condom
use etc. on walls within the community in local languages). The communications mix and messages through
the above channels are structured to ensure appropriate dosage for the MARP.
Provision of minimum prevention package and referrals to other programs: SMA will ensure access to a
minimum package of prevention services by the MARPs through linkages and collaboration with other
partners and service delivery points within and around the communities where it works. During FY 2009
COP, two communities per targeted region will be covered. Criteria for selection of communities will be the
presence of at least two member groups of the target audience and the presence of C&T, STI and or TB
service providers for referral purposes.
SMA plans to launch the PEPP at the end of the pilot to share lessons, best practices and the PEPP tools
and materials to facilitate scale up of the intervention by other CBOs and institutions in other high risk
communities in the country.
Adult learning methodology will be employed during all SMA trainings and field staff will be provided with a
follow up training on the peer education plus program methodology to update them on the revisions made to
the program based on lessons learnt and feedback from the review team. A refresher in program
development and management training, MIS and referral system, field research interviews, Focus Group
Discussion (FGD) moderation, and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) will also be conducted. BCC Officers will
also be trained on how to facilitate listening groups using a group listening device (An audio device that
plays messages from micro chips for groups of 10 to 15 members. It has the capacity to record over three
hours of messages in the form of drama, songs, spots, interviews, panel discussion etc.) and collect
feedback through the MIS. The SMA Field staff in turn will train the Police Regional HIV Coordinators and
Peer Educators.
HIV policy development and institutional capacity building: 40 police members will be trained in HIV related
policy development. Four CBOs will receive technical assistance in HIV related institutional capacity
building. Forty (40) individuals will be trained in HIV related institutional capacity building (8 police
members, 32 MARPs), and 33 in HIV related community development for prevention, care, and treatment (6
police, and 27 community members).
Also CBOs and FBOs will be trained by the SMA field staff using a "how to do" tool kit to build their capacity
in community mapping, advocacy, participatory needs assessment, community theater, selection, training
and monitoring of peer educators, gender mainstreaming, referral system, MIS etc. as part of SMA's
Technical Support
In addition to receiving technical support from PSI and USAID, SMA is working with US government local
and prime partners to integrate programs and leverage resources. These organizations include and their
focus areas include:
• EngenderHealth: men and HIV/AIDS, harmful male norms;
• C-Change: capacity building for SMA's BCC;
• NawaLife Trust media communication partner: Alcohol and HIV;
• NABCOA: Private sector HIV Workplace program; and,
• CoHeNA: TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Wraparounds and Leveraged Funding
salaries, travel, production of IEC materials and program support. Also during FY 2009 COP, SMA will be
leveraging its existing structure to integrate TB awareness and referral into current HIV prevention program.
Continuing Activity: 18277
18277 18277.08 U.S. Agency for Social Marketing 7380 3072.08 $596,196
Table 3.3.03:
Funding for this activity expands on SMA's FY 2007 COP HIV/AIDS AB prevention program for the (i)
PolAction project with the Namibian Police under the Ministry of Safety and Security (MoSS) and (ii)
Corridors of Hope (COH) project. Both projects started in 2005 and target the most at risk population
(MARPs).
MARPs included are female sex workers (FSWs), transport workers, fishermen, female out-of-school youth
(FOSY), police and PLWHAs. Secondary targets include the general community, male out of school youth
(MOSY) and in-school Youth (ISY). For police, all 13 regions across Namibia are covered through six SMA
regional offices working through the Police Regional HIV Coordinators and the Police HIV Peer Educators.
For the other MARPs, the following regions are targeted: Khomas, Erongo, Oshana, Omusati, Ohangwena,
Kavango, Caprivi, Omaheke and Karas.
Specific components of this activity include the following:
1) Training and Capacity Building
In order to build capacity in the Management of Information system, seven Research/MIS staff will undergo
refresher training on data management and seven SMA BCC Officers and three research staff will also
undergo refreshers in MIS, Field Research interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and Key Informant
Interviews (KIIs). During FY 2009 COP, four MIS staff and seven BCC officers will also be trained on the
collection of MIS using information from the listening group device as explained in the AB and OP activity
areas. Peer Educators will be trained and monitored in using MIS forms.
SMA plans to train 40 individuals (eight Police Peer Educators [PEs] and 32 other PEs from CBOs and
FBOs working with MARPs) on how to complete referral cards and MIS forms monitoring the referral system
and how to respectfully obtain regular feedback on program impact. SMA will also provide the Namibian
Police with technical assistance and capacity building with regard to strategic information.
2) Management of Information (MIS)
The MIS system introduced during COP08 will be reviewed continuously and adjustments made based on
lessons learned. Project Monitoring and Evaluation Plans will also be updated in collaboration with USAID's
M&E Advisor.
MIS forms allow for the tracking of all outreach activities, the PEPP model and referral management, and in
FY 2009 COP, the integration of information obtained through listening group sessions, an approach
initiated to link the mass media effort of other partners with the messages provided at the community level.
At the service delivery level, all BCC officers and PEs/volunteers fill out forms for each outreach event,
recording information such as the type of event, topics covered, number of people reached, challenges,
lessons learned and successes. PEs also record all peer session information, such as names and gender of
all participants, modules covered and classification of modules (AB or OP). PE sessions are evaluated by
BCC officers or peers using evaluation forms. BCC officers collect monthly summary sheets from all PEs
and the data are captured at regional SMA offices, before transmittal, in electronic format, to the SMA head
office.
A referral system was established in COP08 to refer people who attend SMA activities to other services.
Referred services include C&T, STI, TB and support services for people living with HIV/AIDS. Referral
cards (clinic and non clinic based) were developed to monitor the number of people referred and the type of
services to which they are referred. Referral boxes are available at the service delivery points to collect the
referral cards. Appointed BCC officers collect the content of these boxes from the referral points on a
monthly basis. The referral directory, developed in conjunction with other partners, will be updated and
referral cards adjusted accordingly.
3) Quality Assurance
This component sets parameters for minimum standards, defined in terms of targets and impact needs to
be refined during COP08. Information from assessment tools, including checklists, training assessments
and peer education tools will be used to identify gaps and challenges and to assess program
implementation on a continuous basis. The use of these tools will be expanded to include workplace
programs and integration of the TB strategy (new initiatives for FY 2009 COP). Also, feedback from
qualitative and quantitative research, field trips and periodic field reports are analyzed during SMA's
quarterly review meetings to improve the quality of the program.
4) Supervision
Senior management's quarterly regional supervisory visits evaluate performance and ensure quality of
implementation. Regional coordinators supervise BCC officers who in turn supervise PEs. The PEPP model
includes tools for the supervision of PEs and peer sessions.
5) Research
SMA will continue to build a research team with the capacity to assess existing evidence that supports
sound programmatic decision making, utilizing both qualitative (FGDs and KII) and the quantitative Tracking
Results Continuously (TRaC) surveys research. During FY 2009 COP, SMA plans to conduct pre- and post
PEPP surveys among FSW, FOSYs and Police. The use of pre- and post questionnaires will be expanded
to include private sector companies opting for this service in the workplace program, a new initiative under
COP08. Qualitative studies through FGDs and KII for concept and pre-testing of IEC materials and
community mapping will also be done. To build on the TRaC survey (COP08) among MARPs, a second
round will be conducted in COP10. SMA will only conduct USAID-funded research with approval from
USAID's M&E and Prevention Advisors. Results will be shared with partners and interested parties.
An operations research will be conducted to investigate attrition both at the Peer Educators' level and that of
Activity Narrative: the participants. Findings from the study is expected to guide SMA to come up with relevant incentives for
the Peer Educators and to further review the number of sessions for the PEPP manual. A review of existing
literature will also be done on HIV message priorities for the MARP as SMA revises the existing PEPP
manual to highlight priority messages for the different target groups. The completed pre and post PEPP
questionnaires will be analyzed to measure the impact of the PEPP among the participants.
6) Technical support
In addition to technical support from PSI and USAID, SMA will work with the following organizations to build
capacity and foster a culture of cross learning:
- University of Namibia (UNAM) - SMA will provide internships to 2-4 students and will also seek guidance
on International Review Board (IRB) approval issues.
- International University of Management (IUM) - Collaborate on input with regard to concept development
and surveys.
- MoHSS - Collaborate with the Research Department and the Division of Special Programs on issues
relating to research & M&E.
- Collaborate with research agencies such as SIAPAC, Vision Africa, and others for some of the protocol
development and field surveys.
New/Continuing Activity: New Activity
Continuing Activity:
Estimated amount of funding that is planned for Human Capacity Development $10,000
Table 3.3.17:
