PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
ACTIVITY HAS BEEN MODIFIED IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS:
The narrative reflects project closeout for the last three months of Health Communication Partnership's
(HCP) project life. There will be no new activities in the field, only financial and logistical close out.
Activity Narrative:
This activity linked with the HCP's other activities. HCP's Abstinence/Be faithful activities also supported
both Zambian and the PEPFAR goals through a comprehensive approach that promotes better health
seeking behavior. HCP worked in 22 districts in nine provinces in close partnership with Peace Corps,
PACT/Y-CHOICES, the International Youth Foundation (IYF), Population Services International
(PSI)/Society for Family Health (SFH), RAPIDS, and the Zambian government (GRZ). HCP is also a key
member of the information, education, and communication (IEC) committees of the National AIDS Council,
National Malaria Control Centre and the Ministry of Health's (MOH) child health and reproductive health
units.
HCP used PEPFAR and Child Survival funds to benefit more than 900 communities with wrap around
behavior change communication (BCC) activities linking HIV/AIDS messages with those related to malaria,
family planning, reproductive health, safe motherhood, and child survival.
In 1999, HCP designed the "Helping Each Other Act Responsibly Together" (HEART) campaign (Creative
HEART and HEART Life Skills Toolkit) in collaboration with the Government of Zambia and youth. The
HEART campaign informs young people about abstinence and being faithful as means to prevent HIV/AIDS
transmission. HEART program activities, which continued through FY 2008, consisted of yearly drama,
music, art and poetry contests in school, on themes of the HEART program and peer education through the
out of school programs. Topics included the value of abstinence, delayed sexual debut for youth, adult-to-
child communication, faithfulness, stigma and discrimination, the importance of knowing your status and
getting tested, and positive male role modeling. In FY 2008, HEART contests carried out at a zonal level in
22 districts reached 38,000 individuals with messages promoting HIV/AIDS prevention through abstinence
and/or being faithful.
HCP also continued to work with in- and out-of-school youth groups by engaging community-based
organizations and by using the HEART Life Skills Toolkit to promote open discussion about risky behaviors,
problem-solving skills, and to build self-esteem. HCP continued to support Creative HEART, a community-
based contest that promotes positive adult-child communication through mentoring relationships. HCP
expanded its coverage of the HEART program in districts where it was already working. Communities
provided in-kind contributions of food, venue, transport, and lodging for contestants. Creative HEART was
run jointly with the Ministry of Education and supported by diverse stakeholders including National
Association for Arts and Theatre in Zambia (NATAAZ), the Japanese International Cooperation Agency
(JICA), and other international and Zambian non-governmental organizations.
HCP also worked extensively with theatre groups. HCP trained 20 theater trainers in health promotion
through a three-week workshop in FY 2005, and they in turn trained theater groups in 21 districts in FY
2006. These actors/trainers developed skills to work with local theater groups to write and perform powerful
and pertinent dramas promoting AB, and facilitate discussions after the shows. Central themes addressed
by these groups included rethinking gender norms, especially in regards to sexual violence and exploitation
of young girls, as well as stigma reduction. In FY 2008 trained drama groups reached over 32,000 adults
and 20,000 children. In FY 2008, dramas focused on peer pressure and delayed onset of sexual activity for
youth, fidelity and partner reduction for adults, and alcohol use as a contributing factor for risky behavior.
The drama trainers will continue to serve as a resource to other USG-funded projects such as PACT/Y-
CHOICES, PSI/SFH, and IYF as well as other non-government organizations (NGOs), United Nations (UN)
agencies, and government organizations.
As part of its exit strategy, HCP, in collaboration with local NGOs and relevant government departments,
held refresher trainings for the 440 youth peer leaders and drama groups to equip them with updated
information on HIV/AIDS, prevention strategies, skills, relevant tools and IEC materials, and to cement the
linkages with local organizations. HCP also built on the comprehensive multi-media campaign initiated in
FY 2008 (with Plus-Up funds) for TV, radio, and print which promotes reduction of multiple concurrent
partnerships through raising risk awareness. This campaign increased self-efficacy in avoiding risk and will
have reached over 1,000,000 men and women of reproductive age in HCP's 22 districts and over 3,000,000
in the rest of Zambia. HCP provided leadership to ensure that this multi-media campaign and other
prevention campaigns are in full support of the national prevention strategy, which was developed in
collaboration with the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC) and other local United States Government
(USG) partners.
All HCP activities begin with formative research and are piloted with target populations before being
launched. For example, the Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation and Research (PEER) qualitative data
collection conducted in FY 2006 was used to design innovative, culturally appropriate "being faithful"
interventions and messaging for geographically-remote, less-educated populations; these interventions and
messaging were piloted in FY 2007. All activities also consider existing gender roles with the goals of
reducing violence, empowering young women to negotiate healthier choices, promoting partner
communication and mutual decision making, and male responsibility.
HCP supported the HIV Talkline through FY 2008 which is implemented by the Comprehensive HIV/AIDS
Management Programme (CHAMP). HIV Talkline is a confidential, 24-hour, toll-free telephone line
available in all 72 districts that provides information, counseling, advice, and referral services to the public.
Full-time qualified nurse-counselors, all of whom are registered with the General Nursing Council, operate
the HIV Talkline. They provide counseling and disseminate information on abstinence and being faithful
(AB), counseling and testing (CT), male circumcision (MC), positive living, discordant couples, and
treatment adherence and options. With PEPFAR funding, HCP continued to promote HIV Talkline services
through radio and television spots and outreach activities, which led to a steady increase in caller demand.
In FY 2008, 42,000 individuals were reached with messages promoting HIV/AIDS prevention through
Activity Narrative: abstinence and/or being faithful and information on HIV services. Messages focused on confidential
information and services offered through HIV Talkline. Outreach activities placed an emphasis on
increasing the number of callers from rural areas, specifically targeting the general adult population,
PLWHA, and caregivers.
HCP has been committed to building Zambian capacity and improving the sustainability of the activities
implemented. For example, trainings in proposal writing, activity design, and monitoring enable
organizations to find local responses to local challenges. The choice of activities that are implemented is
community-driven, not imposed by HCP. In addition, the activities required community commitment through
in-kind support. HCP found that these two things cause communities to value the activities more.
Furthermore, youth have been trained to conduct most activities without assistance or incentives beyond
the materials needed for the activity.
Government ministries have also been actively engaged in HCP activities such as the development of
Creative HEART contests, and in some places, the government has institutionalized contests into their
yearly programs. HCP continues to play a key role on the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC) by
collecting, harmonizing, and sharing national IEC materials. In FY 2006, HCP supported the development
of the NAC Resource Center by compiling a database of all HIV/AIDS IEC materials available in Zambia.
Technical assistance will be provided to the National AIDS Council, Government of the Republic of Zambia
in the development and dissemination of the National Prevention Strategy.
HCP continued to work in a technical advisory capacity with the Zambia Centre for Communication
Programmes (ZCCP), a local health communication NGO. HCP supported ZCCP's developing their
strategic approaches to AB and built their ability to design high quality BCC interventions. Supporting USG
partners, HCP facilitated the adaptation and reproduction of IEC materials for partners' programs and
played a key role in promoting collaboration and coordination. HCP work plans were integrated into district
and provincial plans, ensuring ownership and sustainability.
HCP conducted an end-of-project survey in FY 2009, to measure the impact of activities mentioned above,
as well as other HCP activities elsewhere in the COP. The Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation and
Research (PEER) methodology was employed to qualitatively evaluate the project by involving the
community members in the design, implementation, and execution of the evaluation exercise.
All FY 2008-funded targets will have been reached by September 30, 2009.
New/Continuing Activity: Continuing Activity
Continuing Activity: 14406
Continued Associated Activity Information
Activity Activity ID USG Agency Prime Partner Mechanism Mechanism ID Mechanism Planned Funds
System ID System ID
14406 3539.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $2,937,016
International University Center Communication
Development for Communication Partnership
Programs
8905 3539.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $2,672,016
3539 3539.06 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 2911 1031.06 Health $1,080,000
Emphasis Areas
Gender
* Addressing male norms and behaviors
* Increasing gender equity in HIV/AIDS programs
* Reducing violence and coercion
Health-related Wraparound Programs
* Child Survival Activities
* Family Planning
* Malaria (PMI)
* Safe Motherhood
Human Capacity Development
Public Health Evaluation
Food and Nutrition: Policy, Tools, and Service Delivery
Food and Nutrition: Commodities
Economic Strengthening
Education
Water
Table 3.3.02:
•The narrative reflects project closeout for the last three months of Health Communication Partnership's
This activity linked with the HCP's activities in Abstinence/Be faithful (AB), Palliative Care, Orphans and
Vulnerable Children (OVC), Counseling and Testing (HVCT) and ARV Services. It also supported both the
Zambian and the President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) goals for appropriately targeting
most at-risk populations (MARPs) with interventions promoting partner-reduction and condom use.
Community mobilization and BCC, the foundation of HCP's strategy in Zambia, provided a comprehensive
approach to promote better health-seeking behavior through interventions targeting MARPs in 22 districts.
HCP drew on Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs' (JHU/CCP) worldwide
expertise in formative research and evaluations of these programs. For example, the 2003 study of
Language Competency in Zambia has informed all HCP printed materials while the BRIDGE project
baseline survey in Malawi provided valuable reference for building community efficacy in similar rural
communities.
HCP has also been a key member of the information, education, and communication (IEC) committees of
the National Malaria Control Centre and the Ministry of Health's (MOH) child health and reproductive health
units. At the same time, HCP facilitated synergistic networks among community organizations and the
involvement of community leadership structures to ensure that activities are responsive to local needs.
Working within these community structures in close partnership with other US Government (USG) partners,
HCP promoted HIV prevention through a balanced Abstinence, Being faithful, correct and consistent
Condom use (ABC) approach. Part of HCP's mandate in FY 2008, was to focus on communications on
partner reduction, correct and consistent condom use, and promotion of knowing one's HIV status.
In FY 2008, HCP continued to provide technical support for ongoing activities organized by trained peer
leaders. These activities reached families of uniformed personnel and emphasized knowledge of HIV
status, correct and consistent condom use, provision of social support to those who are ill, anti-stigma
messaging, and reduction of concurrent partners. At prisons, similar activities were implemented for people
who are incarcerated. In FY 2008, HCP reached 6,400 individuals with HIV prevention messages.
HCP built on the comprehensive multi-media campaign initiated in FY 2008 (with Plus-Up funds) for
television, radio, and print which promotes reduction of concurrent partnerships through raising risk
awareness. This campaign was designed to increase self-efficacy in avoiding risk and reached over
1,000,000 men and women of reproductive age in HCP's 22 districts and over 3,000,000 in the rest of
Zambia. HCP provided leadership to ensure the multi-media campaign and other prevention campaigns
were conducted in full support of the national prevention strategy which was developed in collaboration with
the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC) and other local partners.
Furthermore, program messages on correct and consistent condom use were complemented with in-depth
information on behavior change and the development of respectful, gender-equitable relationships between
men and women. Influential leaders were encouraged to serve as role models for men in order to affect
change in the male norms and behaviors that undermine risk avoidance efforts. HCP-trained community
drama groups in remote, rural communities continued to perform scripted drama and facilitated discussions
on partner reduction, knowledge of HIV status, and stigma reduction, reaching at least 13,200 people. In FY
2008, HCP focused on ensuring strong links between drama groups and individual communities, and zonal
and district structures to facilitate maximum use of this resource after the end of project.
In FY 2008, HCP continued to encourage peer leaders to conduct local screenings and facilitate
discussions around four key videos: "Tikambe" (an anti-stigma video), "Mwana Wanga" (prevention of
mother to child transmission video), "The Road to Hope"(video on anti-retroviral therapy), and "Our Family
Our Choice" (video on family planning/HIV). Available in three-to-seven Zambian languages, more than
3,500 copies have been distributed throughout Zambia to clinics, mobile video units, non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders.
In order to better understand the risks around alcohol abuse and HIV/AIDS, in FY 2006, HCP conducted a
Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation and Research (PEER) qualitative data collection. The collected data
was used in FY 2008 to support culturally appropriate interventions and messaging about the risks of
alcohol abuse as related to HIV/AIDS. HCP continued to ensure that issues related to alcohol abuse were
integrated in communication interventions.
HCP expanded activities initiated by the Public Affairs Office (PAO) with universities, the media, the
National Arts Council, and traditional leadership through linkages with above described activities. All of
these activities promoted risk reduction through reduction in concurrent partners, knowing one's status,
using condoms correctly and consistently, and male circumcision. HCP continued to build capacity of
community radio stations to develop and broadcast locally relevant programs that address issues around
risk reduction. Together with the National Arts Council, HCP developed a high profile, national event with
popular artists to promote HIV risk reduction. With the House of Chiefs, the coordinating body for Zambia's
traditional leaders, HCP built on an existing relationship to promote their advocacy for HIV risk reduction.
All HCP activities begin with formative research and are pre-tested with target populations before being
launched. They also consider existing gender roles with the goal of reducing violence, empowering women
to negotiate for healthier choices, promoting partner communication, mutual decision-making, and male
Activity Narrative: responsibility.
HCP's community mobilization efforts focused on investing in the development of skills and capacity of
individuals, neighborhoods, and community-based organizations to promote positive health and social
development. HCP designed activities that supported Zambian capacity, sustainability, self-reliance and the
development of public opinion and norms supporting prevention activities. For example, trainings in
proposal writing (for funds available locally), activity design, and monitoring can allow organizations to find
local answers to local problems. In addition, the activities that implemented were not only chosen by
communities, they also required community commitment through in-kind support.
HCP continued to play a key role with the NAC by collecting, harmonizing, and sharing national IEC
materials. In FY 2006, HCP supported the development of the NAC Resource Center by compiling a
database of all HIV/AIDS IEC materials available in Zambia. HCP continued to work with the Zambia
Centre for Communication Programmes (ZCCP), a local health communication NGO in a technical advisory
capacity. HCP supported ZCCP in developing strategic approaches for preventing the sexual transmission
of HIV and built ZCCP's ability to develop high quality, behavior change communications interventions.
HCP also facilitated the adaptation and reproduction of IEC materials for other USG supported programs,
playing a key role in promoting collaboration and coordination among USG partners.
In FY 2008, HCP conducted an end-of-project survey to measure impact of all of the above mentioned
activities. The Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation and Research (PEER) method was also employed to
qualitatively evaluate the project by involving the community members in the design, implementation, and
execution of the evaluation exercise.
Continuing Activity: 14407
14407 3538.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $1,100,000
8904 3538.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $630,000
3538 3538.06 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 2911 1031.06 Health $540,000
Table 3.3.03:
This activity links with the Health Communication Partnership's (HCP) ongoing activities. It also supports
the overall U.S. Government (USG) effort in promoting palliative and community-based care services by
increasing the uptake of palliative care services. HCP's activities address both Zambian and the
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) goals for increasing public information and
understanding of counseling and testing, palliative care and treatment, and improving the length and quality
of life for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). In FY 2008, HCP will continue to work closely with the
following USG palliative and home-based care service providers: Catholic Relief Services
(CRS)/SUCCESS, RAPIDS, Zambia Prevention, Care and Treatment Partnership (ZPCT), Support for the
HIV/AIDS Response in Zambia (SHARe), Peace Corps, national and international stakeholders, PLWHA
networks, faith-based organizations (FBOs), and other community groups.
HCP will use PEPFAR and Child Survival funds so that more than 900 communities can benefit from wrap
around behavior change communication (BCC) activities linking HIV/AIDS messages with those related to
malaria, family planning, reproductive health, safe motherhood, and child survival.
Community mobilization and BCC, the foundation of HCP's strategy in Zambia, provide a comprehensive
approach to promoting better health seeking behavior nationally and within the 22 HCP-supported districts
in Zambia's nine provinces. HCP is a key member of the information, education, and communication (IEC)
committees of the National Malaria Control Centre and the Ministry of Health's (MOH's) child health and
reproductive health units. HCP draws on the expertise of Johns Hopkins University Center for
Communications Programs' (JHU/CCP) worldwide experience including formative research and evaluations
of these programs. For example, the 2003 study of Language Competency in Zambia has informed all HCP
printed materials while the BRIDGE project baseline survey in Malawi provided valuable reference for
building community efficacy in similar rural communities.
In FY 2005 and FY 2006, HCP developed a PLWHA and caregivers distance radio program, "Living and
Loving," to communicate standardized messages to PLWHA, their families, and caregivers. The program is
broadcast in seven local languages in addition to English. The 26-episode series, which is aired on
Zambian National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) and local radio stations, promotes discussion on a
wide range of topics including positive living and staying healthy, how men can be caregivers, ART, family
support, nutrition, treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs), money management, stigma and
discrimination, treating PLWHA with respect, etc. In FY 2008, HCP will consolidate the best of the
programs broadcast during the past three years and hold a one week workshop for community radio
stations on the use of this package as well as consolidate their skills to develop their own programs on local
HIV/AIDS issues. HCP district staff will continue to support listener groups (selected from PLWHA care and
support groups) to enable them to increase their reach to PLWHA and their caregivers in 22 districts. By
using HCP-produced program guides, group leaders will facilitate and head discussions on care, support,
and positive living. HCP will continue to work with local communities, Neighborhood Health Committees
(NHCs), and the MOH to assume leadership and ownership of this activity, linking these groups with other
support organizations to ensure sustainability.
In FY 2005, the Care and Compassion movement was developed and launched by the Zambia Interfaith
Networking Group (ZINGO) with technical support from HCP. Counseling and education kits for religious
and traditional leaders were adapted for use in Zambia. These kits enable leaders to initiate and implement
care and support activities in their congregations and communities and strengthen their counseling skills.
With HCP support, more than 600 religious and lay community leaders were trained in psychosocial
counseling by the end of FY 2007. In FY 2008, HCP will use the trained counselors to continue the Care
and Compassion movement that focuses on rural communities to ensure community-based action in
support of those infected/affected by HIV/AIDS. As part of its exit strategy, HCP will conduct refresher
trainings and skills updates for those previously trained.
HCP will continue to promote local screenings of educational films and will facilitate discussions to raise
awareness in four key areas: anti-stigma ("Tikambe"), prevention of mother to child transmission ("Mwana
Wanga-My Child"), antiretroviral therapy ("The Road to Hope"), and reproductive choices for those who are
HIV positive ("Our Family, Our Choice"). Available in three to seven Zambian languages (depending on the
film), more than 3,500 copies of these films were distributed throughout Zambia to clinics, mobile video
units, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders.
At the end of FY 2005, approximately 59,000 copies of the Positive Living Handbook were produced and
distributed with a target audience of PLWHA, their caregivers, and OVC. This handbook is written for low
literacy audiences and designed to be the comprehensive and practical guide to positive living with HIV. It
has become a regional standard for informing and engaging PLWHA. In 2007, this handbook was updated
to reflect current drug regimens and additional treatment sites. The printing of the handbook was supported
by partners including the MOH.
All activities begin with formative research and are pre-tested with target populations before being launched.
The activities also take into account existing gender roles with the goal of reducing violence, empowering
women to negotiate for healthier choices, promoting partner communication, mutual decision-making and
male responsibility.
HCP will continue to be committed to building Zambian capacity and improving the sustainability of the
activities being implemented. HCP's community mobilization efforts focus on capacity development of
individuals, NHCs, and community-based organizations. For example, HCP will provide training in proposal
writing (for funds available locally), activity design, and monitoring enable organizations to find local
responses to local challenges. HCP work plans will be integrated into district and provincial plans, ensuring
ownership and sustainability.
Activity Narrative: HCP is also committed to the development of public opinion and norms supporting treatment and care.
"Living and Loving" empowers the listeners. Additionally, local radio personalities have been trained to
interview PLWHA so that they can produce future programs on their own. "Care and Compassion" groups
have emerged as a community response to a community problem. HCP will continue to play a key role on
the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC) in the collection, harmonization, and sharing of national IEC
database of all HIV/AIDS IEC materials available in Zambia. In concert with USG partners, HCP will
facilitate the adaptation and reproduction of IEC materials for its programs, playing a key role in promoting
collaboration and coordination among partners. Dramatically discounted air time on ZNBC and local radio
stations reflects the national and local ownership of "Living and Loving" and the Care and Compassion
movement.
In FY 2008, HCP will conduct an end of project survey to measure the impact of all of the activities
mentioned above, as well as other HCP activities described elsewhere in the COP.
All FY 2008 funded results will be reached by September 30, 2009.
Continuing Activity: 14408
14408 3536.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $335,000
8902 3536.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $335,000
3536 3536.06 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 2911 1031.06 Health $335,000
Table 3.3.08:
Activity Narrative
This activity linked with the HCP and other activities in Abstinence/Be faithful, Other Prevention, Palliative
Care, Counseling and Testing, Orphans and Vulnerable Children, and it links with National
HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC). It also supported the U.S. Government (USG) partners providing HIV
care and treatment services and addresses both Zambian and the PEPFAR goals of scaling-up ART
services by providing quality information on treatment, adherence, and positive living.
HCP used President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and Child Survival funds so that more
than 900 communities could benefit from wrap around behavior change communication (BCC) activities
linking HIV/AIDS messages with those related to malaria, family planning, reproductive health, safe
motherhood, and child survival.
Community mobilization and BCC, the foundation of HCP's strategy in Zambia, provides a comprehensive
approach that promotes better health-seeking behavior through the support for and promotion of ART
services throughout the country. HCP drew on Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication
Programs' (JHU/CCP) worldwide expertise including formative research and evaluations of these programs.
For example, the 2003 study of Language Competency in Zambia has informed all HCP printed materials.
HCP is also a key member of the information, education, and communication (IEC) committees of the
Building on the national ART communication strategy that HCP helped the NAC in developing, HCP will
continue to assist the NAC in streamlining and produce quality communications relating to ART during.
HCP will take the lead in assessing nationwide gaps in ART literacy materials and where appropriate, HCP
will either develop new materials or it will utilize available materials to reach new audiences.
In FY 2005 and FY 2006, HCP produced a three-part PMTCT video issued in five languages entitled
"Mwana Wanga" (nearly 1,500 copies), as well as the Positive Living Handbook (59,000 copies), an
antiretroviral video entitled "The Road to Hope", and a contraceptive choices when one is HIV positive video
entitled "Our Family, Our Choice". Demand for the Positive Living Handbook exceeded supply. In FY
2008, HCP continued to broadcast excerpted segments of these videos on national radio and television to
promote messages of knowing one's HIV status, ART adherence, PMTCT, and contraceptive choices for
HIV positive people. HCP also included more messages on treatment adherence and HCP focused on
issues faced by people who have been on treatment for a long period of time.
Through a consultative process with relevant stakeholders and lead roles played by the NAC and the MOH,
HCP helped develop a comprehensive national communication strategy for children and HIV. Based on
this strategy, interventions were developed in FY 2007 to address the gaps in pediatric HIV education
communications. Parents and other caregivers face many difficult issues after finding out a child's HIV
status. HCP improved parents and caregiver's knowledge to connect more parents/caregivers and HIV-
positive children to treatment programs, to improve treatment adherence, to improve the disclosure of
children's positive status in an age-appropriate way and to help children to cope with knowledge of their
own HIV positive status.
HCP also worked to help older children and adolescents cope after learning of their HIV status through
materials that are produced for children's support groups. Communications geared for older children and
adolescents helped children and adolescents talk about their feelings more openly in support group
settings. The materials specifically addressed managing medications, growing up with HIV (with age
appropriate information on sex and sexuality). All HCP-produced materials have been vetted by groups
consisting of the target audience and are pre-tested for effectiveness.
At the service delivery level, providers needed support on how to best counsel parents to get children tested
and on treatment; counsel on adherence; prevent opportunistic illnesses; promote positive living; and how
to disclose positive status to their children. Materials addressing these issues were developed in
consultation with the MOH, the NAC, ART service delivery partners, PLWHA networks, the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), JHPIEGO, Zambia Prevention, Care, and Treatment Partnership
(ZPCT), Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Catholic Relief Services
(CRS/SUCCESS), and other stakeholders. In FY 2009, HCP built on these materials to ensure wider
distribution, coverage, and use.
These HCP activities, along with those described elsewhere, began with formative research and are piloted
with target audiences before being launched. HCP's IEC materials also support greater gender equity with
a goal of empowering women to negotiate for healthier choices and promote partner communication, mutual
decision-making, and male responsibility.
HCP continued to be committed to building Zambian capacity and improving the sustainability of the
activities being implemented. For example, as a result of the consultative and collaborative processes
used in their development, there is significant government ownership of materials produced by HCP in the
Ministry of Health and the NAC. Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) has aired "Tikambe",
"Mwana Wanga", and "Road to Hope" in multiple languages on national television free of charge and has
significantly contributed to the airing of "Living and Loving," a radio program for PLWHA and their caregivers
aired on national radio stations since December 2005. As a result, ZNBC has become known for the airing
of health programs. HCP has also built a credible relationship with community radio stations around
Zambia who participate in the production of and contribute to the airing of HCP health radio programming.
Over the last five years, HCP has continued to mentor and work closely with dB Studio in radio
Activity Narrative: programming, Prime Images and LACO in the development of films, and the Zambia Centre for
Communication Programs in the development of behavior change communication strategies and programs.
Part of HCP's exit strategy has been to leave sustainable capacity in developing quality ARV
communication materials with local productions companies that are then capable of developing additional
communications on these important messages.
In FY 2009, HCP conducted an end-of-project population-based household and community survey to
measure impact of all of the activities mentioned above, as well as other HCP activities listed elsewhere in
the COP.
Continuing Activity: 14411
14411 3534.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $455,000
8901 3534.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $455,000
3534 3534.06 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 2911 1031.06 Health $455,000
Table 3.3.09:
•The narrative reflects project closeout for the last three months of the Health Communication Partnership's
This activity is linked with the HCP other activities in Abstinence/Be faithful, Other Prevention, Palliative
Care, Counseling and Testing, and Treatment/ARV Services. It also support the U.S. Government (USG)
partners providing orphan and vulnerable children (OVC) care and support services, and addressed both
Zambian and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) goals for increasing the number of
orphans and vulnerable children receiving care through community mobilization and the provision of quality
information on educational, nutritional, and psychosocial support.
HCP used PEPFAR and Child Survival funds so that more than 900 communities benefited from wrap
Community mobilization and behavior change communication, the foundation of HCP's strategy in Zambia,
provided a comprehensive approach that promoted better health-seeking behavior through the support for
and promotion of OVC services throughout the country. HCP drew on Johns Hopkins University Center for
Communication Programs' (JHU/CCP) worldwide expertise including formative research and evaluations of
these programs. For example, the 2003 study of Language Competency in Zambia has informed all HCP
building community efficacy in similar rural communities. HCP has continued to be a key member of the
information, education, and communication (IEC) committees of the National Malaria Control Centre and the
MOH's child health and reproductive health units.
In FY 2007, HCP continued to take the lead in defining gaps in OVC materials and working with key
partners/stakeholders to develop appropriate IEC materials. In FY 2008, HCP continued to disseminate
correct and consistent OVC information and referrals within the 22 HCP-supported districts in Zambia's nine
provinces.
In FY 2008, HCP continued to take the lead in filling gaps in OVC IEC support materials, working in
collaboration with the Ministry of Sports, Youth, and Child Development and Ministry of Community
Development and Social Services, the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC), and more than 15 different
USG activities implementing OVC support activities throughout the country. HCP developed appropriate,
practical, and user-friendly IEC resources as requested by OVC forum and partners such as RAPIDS, with
the production and distribution coordinated by the requesting partner.
In FY 2005 and FY 2006, HCP developed a People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and caregivers radio
distance program, "Living and Loving," that was broadcasted in seven local languages in addition to
English. The series of 26 episodes promotes discussion on many topics pertaining to OVC and their
caregivers such as: psychosocial support, health and nutrition, income generation, stigma and
discrimination, education, and social inclusion. In FY 2009, HCP consolidated the best of the programs
broadcasted during the past three years and HCP held a one week workshop for community radio stations
on the use of this package. The workshop also consolidated the skills of community radio stations in
developing their own programs on local HIV/AIDS issues. HCP district staff continued to support listener
groups (selected from PLWHA care and support groups) to increase their reach to PLWHA and their
caregivers in 22 districts. "Living and Loving" empowers the listeners with information and hope. Local radio
personalities have also been trained to interview PLWHA so that they can produce future programs on their
own. Discounted or free air time on both the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) and
community radio stations reflects the national and local ownership of "Living and Loving." HCP continued to
work with local communities, Neighborhood Health Committees (NHCs), and the Ministry of Health on these
activities. These organizations will assume leadership and ownership of the activities while linking with
other support organizations to ensure sustainability.
HCP continued to promote local video screenings and facilitate discussions to raise awareness in four key
areas: anti-stigma ("Tikambe"), prevention of mother to child transmission ("Mwana Wanga"), antiretroviral
therapy ("The Road to Hope") and reproductive choices for those who are HIV positive ("our Family, Our
Choice"). Available in three to seven Zambian languages (depending on the series), more than 3,500
copies have been distributed throughout Zambia to government authorities (Ministries of Education, Health,
Youth, Sport and Child Development), clinics, mobile video units, non-governmental organizations (NGOs),
and other stakeholders.
They also consider existing gender roles with the goal of reducing violence, empowering women to
negotiate for healthier choices, and promoting partner communication/mutual decision-making, and male
responsibility.
To ensure sustainability and partner graduation from HCP support, HCP's community mobilization efforts
have focused on investing in the development of skills and capacity of individuals, NHCs, and community-
based organizations (CBOs), promoting self-reliance, and supporting sustainability. HCP continued to be
committed to building Zambian capacity and improving the sustainability of the activities being implemented.
For example, HCP supported the development and implementation of community-level action plans that
promote positive health and social development, and inclusiveness of and support for those infected or
affected by HIV/AIDS. Training in proposal writing (for funds available locally), activity design, and
monitoring enable organizations to address local challenges with locally designed responses. Roughly 900
communities involved in this project have utilized these community-level capacity building trainings to
strengthen their response to their own OVC needs and issues. Training sessions for psychosocial
Activity Narrative: counselors have inspired many to use their own initiative in response to local needs.
HCP has continued to play a key role with the NAC, collecting, harmonizing, and sharing national IEC
database of all HIV/AIDS IEC materials available in Zambia. With USG partners, HCP facilitates the
adaptation and reproduction of IEC materials for their programs, playing a key role in promoting
collaboration and coordination among partners. HCP work plans were also integrated into district and
provincial plans, ensuring ownership and continuity of activities.
In FY 2009, HCP conducted an end-of-project survey to measure impact of all of the activities mentioned
above, as well as other HCP activities mentioned elsewhere in the COP.
All FY 2008-funded targets will have been reached by September 30, 2010.
Continuing Activity: 14409
14409 3537.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $290,000
8903 3537.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $290,000
3537 3537.06 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 2911 1031.06 Health $290,000
Table 3.3.13:
This activity linked with the HCP's activities. This activity also directly supported Population Services
International/Society for Family Health (PSI/SFH), JHPIEGO, and Partnership for Supply Chain
Management Systems (SCMS) male circumcision activities (MC). HCP's activities indirectly supported the
Ministry of Health (MOH), National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council (NAC), and USG implementing partner
counseling and testing (CT) activities. HCP has also been a key member of the information, education, and
communication (IEC) committees of the National Malaria Control Centre and the Ministry of Health's (MOH)
child health and reproductive health units.
approach to promoting counseling and testing services throughout the country. HCP drew on Johns
Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs' (JHU/CCP) worldwide expertise including
formative research and evaluations of these programs. For example, the 2003 study of Language
Competency in Zambia has informed all HCP printed materials while the BRIDGE project baseline survey in
Malawi provided valuable reference for building community efficacy in similar rural communities.
In FY 2007, HCP supported JHPIEGO's and PSI/SFH's male circumcision (MC) initiatives with strategic
communication approaches. In FY 2007, HCP also assisted the MOH, the NAC, and MC service delivery
partners, in the development and implementation of a national MC awareness campaign that places CT as
a first step to MC. The awareness campaign also included messages regarding AB and
stigma/discrimination reduction. Materials for the campaign addressed risk-disinhibition and focused on the
importance of knowing one's HIV status, the necessity for consistent safe sex practices, and the need to
seek MC services from a trained professional with post-procedural care. The campaign placed MC and CT
in the greater context of reproductive health and ensures that clients receive clear counseling on how MC is
and is not protective in acquiring HIV; it also emphasized the importance of knowing one's HIV status. A
male reproductive health counseling kit was also developed for the campaign. This kit is a practical
counseling tool and is accompanied by a more technically detailed male reproductive health handbook,
developed in conjunction with ZCCP, for service providers to use in pre- and post-circumcision counseling
for clients seeking MC services.
In FY 2008, HCP also developed a short video on the basic information around MC, disinhibition, the need
to use a trained service provider, the importance of knowing one's HIV status, and the advisability of MC for
men who have tested negative. This video, in seven national languages, was aired for 16 weeks, twice per
day, on ZNBC television, and ZNBC Radio 1 and Radio 2, with at the relevant language slots. Local radio
stations that HCP has ongoing relationships with in all nine provinces, aired radio messages in the
appropriate language twice per day over 16 weeks.
In FY 2009, HCP built on the information campaign to support MC services and HCP addressed specific
behavioral issues that emerged from FY 2008 and will continue to emerge throughout FY 2009. HCP will
continue to work closely in with its collaborating partner, the Comprehensive HIV AIDS Management
Program (CHAMP) HIV Talkline, to ensure counselors are fully prepared to respond to MC questions.
In FY 2009, HCP staff continued to strengthen community links to MC services, working with partners in
service delivery (JHPIEGO, PSI/SFH and MOH) to orient counselors to the male reproductive health
handbook. Safe motherhood action groups continued to promote knowing one's HIV status. These action
groups also promoted MC for men who have tested negative and for male newborns.
Traditional leaders play a key role in all of HCP community-based activities. In provinces that implement
MC as a traditional practice, HCP continued to actively engage traditional initiators to promote CT and safe
and sterile MC. This work will complement the training efforts of JHPIEGO, PSI/SFH, and the MOH.
Community health education flipcharts, developed by HCP in FY 2007, which include MC information,
continued to be used at a community level and at rural health centers to raise awareness of MC.
negotiate for healthier choices, promoting partner communication/mutual decision-making, and male
HCP's community mobilization efforts have continued to be focused on developing the skills and capacity of
individuals, Neighborhood Health Committees (NHCs), and community-based organizations (CBOs). HCP
has continued to promote self-reliance and build sustainable programs. HCP continued to be committed to
building Zambian capacity and improving the sustainability of the activities being implemented. Trainings in
proposal writing (for funds available locally), activity design, and monitoring enable organizations to find
local responses to local challenges. All of the over 900 communities involved in this project have utilized
these community-level capacity building trainings to promote and mobilize CT at a grassroots level.
Training sessions for psychosocial counselors have inspired many to use their own initiative in response to
local needs.
HCP continued to play a key role with the NAC, collecting, harmonizing, and sharing national IEC materials.
In FY 2006, HCP supported the development of the NAC Resource Center by compiling a database of all
HIV/AIDS IEC materials available in Zambia. With USG partners, HCP facilitated the adaptation and
reproduction of IEC materials for their programs, playing a key role in promoting collaboration and
coordination among partners. HCP work plans are integrated into district and provincial plans, ensuring
Activity Narrative: ownership and continuity of activities.
In FY 2009, HCP conducted an end-of-project survey to measure impact of the activities mentioned above,
along with activities listed elsewhere in the COP.
Continuing Activity: 14410
14410 12529.08 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 6823 1031.08 Health $330,000
12529 12529.07 U.S. Agency for Johns Hopkins 4979 1031.07 Health $330,000
Table 3.3.14:
