PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
N/A
New/Continuing Activity: Continuing Activity
Continuing Activity: 18857
Continued Associated Activity Information
Activity Activity ID USG Agency Prime Partner Mechanism Mechanism ID Mechanism Planned Funds
System ID System ID
18857 12098.08 U.S. Agency for Program for 8280 6068.08 TASC II $610,000
International Appropriate
Development Technology in
Health
12098 12098.07 U.S. Agency for Program for 6068 6068.07 TASC II $450,000
Emphasis Areas
Human Capacity Development
Estimated amount of funding that is planned for Human Capacity Development $200,000
Public Health Evaluation
Food and Nutrition: Policy, Tools, and Service Delivery
Food and Nutrition: Commodities
Economic Strengthening
Education
Water
Program Budget Code: 13 - HKID Care: OVC
Total Planned Funding for Program Budget Code: $425,000
Total Planned Funding for Program Budget Code: $0
Program Area Narrative:
Estimates of the total number of children and adolescents living on the streets in Ukraine range from 40,000 to 300,000. Ukraine's
2006 application for a Round Six Global Fund Grant estimated that approximately 115,000 children up to 18 years of age are
currently on the street. Of this number, about 42,000 are officially registered, with 20,000 occasionally living in 96 Government-run
shelters and/or juvenile detention centers. Largely between 8-19 years of age, most street children and adolescents are male
(70%), with 30% female. Many come from small towns and villages around Ukraine. Most quit school at an early age, have low
education and literacy levels. Many are ‘social orphans' with one or both parents alive but either absent or unable to care for the
child, or are the victims of verbal, psychological or physical abuse at home.
Groups such as street children/adolescents represent an emerging but as of yet uncovered most at-risk-group with high risk
behaviors that often intersect with those of other most at-risk-populations (MARPs) such as injection drug users (IDUs),
commercial sex workers (CSWs) and males who have sex with males (MSMs). This puts them at high risk of HIV-infection and
makes them a potential bridge population for HIV transmission. Although data is largely unreliable on street children/adolescents,
anecdotal information about this highly marginalized population reveals a number of alarming behaviors. They generally start sex
at an early age and have a multiple sexual partners, in many cases practicing commercial sex for money or food (with 11%
reporting earning a living from sex in one region). They reveal high levels of unprotected sex, with only 27% reporting consistent
use of a condom with their steady partners, and consequently have high rates of sexually transmitted infections. They practice
high levels of injecting drug use and use of stimulants, with injection drug use beginning as early as 13 and with less than 20%
using sterile syringes. The 2007 Comprehensive External Evaluation of the National AIDS Program indicated that 19% of
adolescent CSWs age 13-19 reported injecting drugs, with 45% of this group injecting daily. 32% of people living with HIV/AIDS
are IDUs age 15-19.
Children and at-risk adolescents, including street children/adolescents, are one of the populations targeted for coverage with a
minimum package of prevention services in Ukraine's Road Map on Scaling Up Towards Universal Access to HIV/AIDS
Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support in Ukraine by 2010. The 2007 comprehensive external evaluation of the national AIDS
response also reinforced the importance of this group, noting that the development and scale up of HIV prevention and harm
reduction services for children and adolescents living or working on the streets should be prioritized more than other HIV
prevention programs for children and youth.
Acknowledging a critical lack of information and no systematic assessment of HIV seroprevalence in this high risk group, the USG
leveraged COP 2007 resources with GAP funds to initiate in FY 2008 strategic support for street children in two areas. First, the
USG sought to build knowledge of this group through administration of an assessment of HIV seroprevalence and risk factors for
HIV among street and out of school youth.
Preliminary findings of this study suggest that the seroprevalence rate among street youth in Kyiv is as high as 18% and in
Odessa 25%. The study is still underway at a third site, Donetsk, but it is expected that seroprevalence rates will be similarly high.
Data also suggest that injection drug use and unprotected sex are key HIV risk behaviors among street children. This data
reinforces the findings of previous studies, which although with smaller samples and more limited study design, showed similarly
high HIV prevalence in street children, at over 20% in Kyiv and 60% in Odessa.
As a second strategic intervention on street children, with FY 2007 funds the USG is supporting HIV prevention and peer
education outreach activities in regions where the assessment was conducted. The activity identify appropriate approaches to
reaching street children and adolescents with HIV prevention services and develop systems to link individuals with treatment and
care and support services. This set of activities will, in the year ahead, provide strategic information key to programming future
activities, and accordingly, FY 2009 resources will be used to scale up effective strategies and approaches to reach street children
and adolescents, implement prevention activities, and link individuals with appropriate medical and social services.
Using COP 2008 resources the USG began analysis of policy, regulatory and legal issues related to at-risk and infected children,
including homeless children, and established a policy development working group to develop strategies to address legislative
gaps and provide appropriate prevention, medical and social support to at-risk and infected children and adolescents . Continued
support will be provided in this area using COP 2009 resources, with emphasis on developing policies for the social protection of
HIV-infected and vulnerable street children and adolescents. Finally, advocacy efforts will focus on promoting regional
coordination of prevention and care services for street children and adolescents, as well as on the removal of legal, financial, and
administrative barriers to service access by street children and adolescents such as mandatory testing in shelters and
psychosocial rehabilitation centers and requiring parental consent for services.
Table 3.3.13:
