PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
In FY 2012, Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) will be implementing a set of activities that aims to strengthen the quality of laboratory services in Tanzania. The recently WHO endorsed Xpert-MTB/RIF (Cepheid) real time based PCR system is a fully automated, walk-away system that requires minimal training needs and biosafety requirements for its implementation. Therefore, the aim is to use the system at the district and or sub district levels in the tiered laboratory diagnostic network. FIND will continue to facilitate the roll out of the Xpert/RIF novel rapid diagnostic tools at five additional testing sites, introduce a simple test related EQA scheme at all testing sites, and increase human resource capacity by providing trainings on Xpert/Rif.
The EQA of TB smear microscopy is the fundament of mycobacteriology laboratory services to identify patients with more advance and infectious disease forms and to monitor the efficacy of treatment. FIND aims to improve timely management and monitoring of blinded rechecking and panel testing-based EQA of AFB microscopy by a new AFB smear microscopy management software system.
Implementation of adequate biosafety measures are crucial to roll-out of novel TB diagnostics. FIND will organize a biosafety meeting specifically focusing on TB laboratory practices with hands-on and theoretical sessions. FINDs project approach involves country leadership that helps pave the way forward with discussions reviewing past policies and strategic plans that identify needs, gaps, and creation of timelines for project implementation.
The recently WHO endorsed Xpert-MTB/RIF system is a fully automated assay has an excellent sensitivity to detect TB and MDR-TB not only on smear positive but also on smear negative specimens, which allows the rapid testing of patients with paucibacillary TB, such as individuals with HIV. In FY 2012, FIND will support the continued roll out of the newly developed Xpert/RIF rapid molecular test and facilitate the site preparation, training of technicians, procurement of necessary equipments, and reagents for an additional five testing sites. This will be in addition to the three sites already planned for set up in FY 2011. The target will be to implement five GX4 machines at five testing sites, with the training of 10 technicians.
FIND will facilitate the implementation of a EQA panel testing method for Xpert/RIF to document proficiency after initial training, set up, and sustainability of testing quality at the end of the project. Monitoring and evaluation of results on the panels will analyze Xpert/RIF testing outputs, results, and assess impact to identify successes and challenges. FINDs exit strategy will include training local experts how to implement, monitor, and evaluate these activities. The target will be for all seven testing sites to pass panel testing.
The EQA of TB smear microscopy is the fundament of mycobacteriology laboratory services. The most accurate method of TB smear microscopy EQA is the blinded rechecking of slides of the peripheral laboratories at a higher level (district or regional) supervisory center. Timely examination of slides, accurate calculation quality indicators as well as the timely feedback of results, corrective actions, and related follow-up of laboratories is challenging. A large amount of date handling is associated to all these steps, especially if a third reading is also necessary to resolve discrepancies. FIND is proposing the implementation of a newly developed software (www.slide2check.net) that is aimed to support TB slide rechecking programs. The software system is allowing easy data management, monitoring, and reporting of all slide rechecking associated EQA activities in a rapid and user-friendly way. Training of the staff working at rechecking supervisory level will be conducted on the system. Job aids and a user manual will also be provided. The target will be to have the system piloted and finalized for local needs at 10 microscopy centers.
FIND is organizing a three-day theoretical and practical workshop on TB laboratory biosafety. The TB specific curriculum that was piloted in India will provide lessons that will enable participants to learn to organize risk assessment, determine the biosafety level of their laboratories, and establish the related requirements. In addition, trainees will learn good laboratory practices to avoid aerosol generation when performing novel TB diagnostics, such as liquid cultures or DNA extraction for molecular testing, use and maintenance of safety equipment with samples containing tuberculosis, establish biosafety SOPs, and learn waste management of infectious materials with TB. At the end of the course, participants will develop the core components of a full laboratory biosafety manual that can be customized to their local needs at their testing sites. The target will be to train 15 laboratorians.
The goal of this project is to build capacity for diagnostic testing of tuberculosis (TB) through laboratory strengthening and integration of services. Together with several partners, FIND will implement a set of activities that strengthen the quality of laboratory services, introduce new and more rapid diagnostic tools, increase human resource capacity, and support the integration of laboratory services for diagnostic testing of TB, malaria and HIV.
Building on previous achievements, FIND will support implementation of the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF system at the district level for rapid diagnosis of TB and/or MDR-TB through the following activities:
- Assist MOHSW to develop a procurement and distribution plan for Gene Xpert cartridges
- Procure Gene Xpert cartridges and supplies to support all machines in country (28) and facilitate annual calibration of all of them
- Train laboratory staff (40) on the operation and maintenance of Gene Xpert MTB/RIF machines.
- Establish an EQA scheme for Gene Xpert MTB/RIF for all 28 testing sites with the National Health Laboratory Quality Assurance Centre as the center for coordination and excellence
- Implement the electronic TB smear microscopy rechecking system.
- Support TB biosafety through lab infrastructure improvement and staff training
- Support the government of Tanzania to maintain Gene Xpert machines in the country
