PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
THIS ACTIVITY HAS BEEN MODIFIED IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS:
In COP 09, the increased funds for this activity will go toward the credit guarantee for the identified
indigenous producers of autodisable syringes. Following an initial assessment of capacity for local
production of injection safety products, results of the evaluation/assessment will further inform programming
efforts. Sustainability plans will include increasing efforts at public private partnership for health care waste
management and involvement of private health practitioners in injection safety programs within each Local
Government Area where public facilities have instituted injection safety programs.
The USAID PEPFAR team will intensify efforts on creating an enabling environment for the use of
retractable syringes and the production and utilization of waste boxes. The emphasis will be on
entrenchment of the national injection safety policy into law, integration of policy into the national health
plan, and the implementation of the policy at facility levels. Efforts will be made to ensure constant and
continuous supply of injection safety commodities (retractable needles and syringes, safety boxes, context
appropriate incinerators or other waste management systems) to all injection safety program sites in Nigeria
through ongoing collaborative logistics system efforts with GON.
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION:
In Nigeria today, only a small percentage of single use disposable syringes are available for use at health
care services centers. This creates a threat of HIV/AIDS transmission through the reuse of syringes which
may contain trace quantities of infected blood or through the risk of needle stick. In order to eliminate this
threat, the Government of Nigeria has set a mandate for 100% single use autodisable disposable syringe
adoption by mid-2009. It is anticipated that the majority of these will be produced domestically by current
syringe manufacturers.
Nigeria currently consumes approximately 600 million syringes per year. The major procurers of syringes in
Nigeria include the Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, UNICEF, and teaching hospitals. With the
Government of Nigeria behind the conversion, it is anticipated that each of these institutions will begin
procuring only single use disposable syringes. There is also unmet demand in the West Africa region.
Major supplies of syringes to Nigeria come from abroad. There are two sites currently producing single use
disposable syringes in Nigeria. The first is in Calabar and has a maximum capacity of 90 million annually.
The plan for this facility is to scale up to 160 million in the near future. The second site is in Port Harcourt
and will be completed soon. It will have a capacity of 150 million with the goal of scaling up to 350 million in
the near future. These two facilities alone could be producing over 500 million by 2009.
While the potential for significant manufacturing of single use disposable syringes is evident, the plans for
scaling up are tenuous and yet to be proven commercially viable. Supply and demand assessments based
on limited information are not reliable. Without reliable information, any intervention would be risky, unlikely
to achieve the desired result of increased domestic production of single use disposable syringes, even
potentially hindering future developments that would occur naturally through private sector investment.
This program aims to facilitate a comprehensive assessment of potentials for domestic production of auto-
disable syringes. This assessment will determine demand and supply for single use disposable syringes in
2009 and afterwards; assess the financial viability and competitiveness of domestic syringe production;
analyze the barriers to increased domestic production of syringes (financial, technical assistance, risk, etc);
and understand the points of leverage where donor money can facilitate greater production of quality, single
use disposable syringes through the cultivation of public-private partnerships.
Upon completion of this assessment, USAID's PEPFAR team, in partnership with local manufacturers,
banks, and procuring organizations, will design an intervention aimed at meeting the Government of
Nigeria's mandate. Possible solutions include: the establishment of a credit guarantee program through
USAID's Development Credit Authority (DCA) to facilitate financing for the procurement of necessary
manufacturing equipment; the leveraging of contacts from the Foreign Commercial Service to link local
manufacturers with equipment manufacturers in the US willing to provide credit, technical assistance, and
design services directly; the facilitation of advance contracts to secure orders for future production;
increased private sector investment for renovation and expansion of current facilities matched with the
provision of technical assistance; and increased private sector investment matched with awareness
campaigns intending to encourage increased use of single use disposable syringes.
CONTRIBUTION TO OVERALL PROGRAM AREA.
This program through its comprehensive assessment effort will inform the design of any PEPFAR-supported
intervention and will enable PEPFAR Nigeria to contribute to the overcoming of existing barriers which
discourage the private sector from meeting future demand for single use disposable syringes. It would also
contribute substantively to NACA's 5-year Strategy Framework implementation and contribute to the
prevention of 1,145,545 new HIV infections by 2010 in line with the PEPFAR global achievement of the
2,7,10 goals.
LINKS TO OTHER ACTIVITIES
This activity also relates to activities in HIV Counseling and Testing, Laboratory, Palliative Care, TB/HIV,
ART Services, Blood Safety and OVC and the adoption of utilization of single syringe and needle stick
policy of GON, all which are aimed at improving the safety for workers involved in these other programmatic
activities.
EMPHASIS AREAS
Through these activities, major emphasis is placed on public - private partnership development for
Domestic Production of Disposable Syringe.
New/Continuing Activity: Continuing Activity
Continuing Activity: 16925
Continued Associated Activity Information
Activity Activity ID USG Agency Prime Partner Mechanism Mechanism ID Mechanism Planned Funds
System ID System ID
16925 16925.08 U.S. Agency for To Be Determined 6356 5269.08 USAID Track $50,000
International 2.0 PPP
Development
Table 3.3.05:
