PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
ACTIVITY HAS BEEN MODIFIED IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS:
An early funding request of US$125,000 was made so that the SPA could proceed in early 2009. Funding
is also being provided by Global Fund. A technical working group (TWG) & steering committee have been
established for the SPA and the AIS, with representatives from the Central Bureau of Statistics, the Global
Fund, MOHSS, the UN family, WHO, USAID, and CDC. Data collection for the SPA is expected to
commence in early 2009 and be completed by the middle of 2009. The MOHSS will lead in data collection,
with technical assistance from the TWG and Macrointernational (under cooperative agreement with USAID).
The final SPA report should be completed by the end of FY2009.
Please review the activity narrative from COP08:
This is a new activity in FY 2008 and relates to the Namibia Institute of Pathology (7367), CTS Global
(7355), the Partnership for Supply Chain Management (7373), and the Public Health Institute (7377).
In FY 2005, the USG Namibia allocated funds to ORC Macro to support the Ministry of Health and Social
Services (MOHSS) in planning, coordination, tool development, implementation, data collection, data
analysis, and report writing for the HIV-focused Health Services Provision Assessment (SPA). The SPA is
designed to assess the capacity of health facilities to respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic through a series of
structured interviews administered to various clinical personnel at a probability sample of health facilities
country wide. Technical committee meetings for the SPA began in August 2005 with the development and
refinement of the survey tools. Data collection was anticipated for beginning to mid-2006, yet
implementation was delayed due to the availability of key MOHSS counterparts. In FY 2006, this survey
was again put aside due to other pressing priorities such as the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).
The money was reprogrammed to support the DHS as it was more expensive than initially planned.
In partnership with MOHSS counterparts and close collaboration with the Response, Monitoring and
Evaluation unit (R,M&E) annual work plan, the SPA has become a priority for FY 2008. The $500,000 will
be allocated to Macro International in order to continue the process they began in 2005. They will provide
technical assistance to MOHSS counterparts to update the survey instruments, collect data, analyze the
data and write the final report.
New/Continuing Activity: Continuing Activity
Continuing Activity: 16859
Continued Associated Activity Information
Activity Activity ID USG Agency Prime Partner Mechanism Mechanism ID Mechanism Planned Funds
System ID System ID
16859 16859.08 U.S. Agency for Macro 7363 1388.08 MEASURE DHS $500,000
International International
Development
Emphasis Areas
Human Capacity Development
Estimated amount of funding that is planned for Human Capacity Development $100,000
Public Health Evaluation
Food and Nutrition: Policy, Tools, and Service Delivery
Food and Nutrition: Commodities
Economic Strengthening
Education
Water
Table 3.3.17:
NEW/REPLACEMENT NARRATIVE
Funds for this activity (an AIDS Indicator Survey (AIS)) will be provided by PEPFAR and the Global Fund.
The proportions provided by each will depend on the final total costs of the AIS, which are still being
determined by the AIS Technical Working Group (TWG) and the AIS Steering Committee. The TWG
includes representatives from the Global Fund, USAID, CDC, MOHSS, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and
the UN family. It is expected that data collection will be completed by the end of 2009 and the report will be
written sometime in early 2010. Technical assistance will be provided by Macro International (under
cooperative agreement with USAID).
The population-based AIS was developed to provide countries with the tools necessary to obtain survey-
based indicators for effective monitoring of national HIV/AIDS programs. Existing HIV surveillance systems
are often ill-equipped to capture the diversity of HIV epidemics around the world or to explain changes in
epidemics over time. Strengthened systems aim to concentrate resources where they will yield information
that is most useful in reducing the spread of HIV and in providing care for those affected. The AIS survey,
combining behavioral data with biomedical surveillance and care and support indicators, is an essential part
of this expanded second generation surveillance.
The design for the AIS was guided by the need to have a survey protocol that will provide, in a timely
fashion and at a reasonable cost, the information required for meeting HIV/AIDS program reporting
requirements, including supporting assessment of trends between survey rounds. Current M&E guidelines
suggest population surveys should be conducted at 2-3 year intervals. To meet these demands, the
approach taken in the protocol is standardized and indicator-driven and is intentionally streamlined in order
to facilitate data collection, processing, analysis, and reporting. The protocol allows for some customization
of the survey design and adjustment of the sample to meet varying data needs. However, to keep the
survey implementation rapid and cost-effective, changes in the basic protocol should be kept to a minimum.
AIS SURVEY INSTRUMENTS
The AIS consists of two survey instruments: the household questionnaire and the individual questionnaire.
Surveys can either opt for paper questionnaires or, as appropriate, use of personal data assistants (PDAs).
The household questionnaire includes a "household schedule," which is used to identify eligible men and
women (based on age, typically ages 15-49) for individual interviews and to obtain information on basic
characteristics of the household and its members. Specifically, information is obtained on parental
survivorship and residence, which provides the basis for the calculation of the number of orphans and
vulnerable children. In addition, indicators on care and support and on orphans and vulnerable children are
included as part of the household questionnaire.
The individual questionnaire, which is used to interview both women or men, obtains data on: background
characteristics, pattern of marital unions, age at sexual debut, patterns of sexual behavior in the last 12
months, condom use, experience with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and treatment response to self-
reported STIs, knowledge and attitudes related to HIV/AIDS, and coverage of HIV-testing. In some
countries, testing for HIV may be incorporated into the AIS. An additional module on adult mortality is
included in the AIS Package which may also be added to the AIDS Indicator Survey.
In developing the AIS instrument, particular attention was focused on questions directly relating to AIDS
Program M&E indicators, in particular UNAIDS, UNGASS/AIDS, UNICEF and the President's Emergency
Plan for AIDS Relief indicators. The AIS is intended to provide countries with the survey-based indicators for
effective HIV/AIDS program monitoring.
During the last decade there has been an increased effort to track the progress in the area of HIV/AIDS. A
number of international agencies and organizations have developed indicators designed to aid in this
process, many of which have been incorporated into the AIS.
SAMPLE DESIGN
The AIS sample design is typically a conventional two-stage cluster sample survey which is representative
at the national level and for both urban and rural areas. To ensure high quality results, a minimum of 60
sample points are selected in both the urban and rural domains, for a total of 120 clusters. If sub-national
estimates are desired (e.g., provincial or regional estimates), a larger sample would most likely be required.
Sample design and size also depends on whether or not HIV testing is included and if so, the estimated
prevalence rate and estimated level of acceptance to participate. The second sampling stage typically
involves selection of an average of about 25 households per clusters, for a total of approximately 3,000
households. In all households, all women and men age 15-49 are generally eligible to participate. Survey
results are presented by sex, age group (youth, other ages) and by urban/rural residence.
ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
AIS surveys are typically conducted by the government statistical offices, in close collaboration with the
Ministry of Health. A Steering Committee and/or a Technical Advisory Committee is usually established to
guide the design and implementation of the survey as well as to invite comments from the broader audience
of potential survey stakeholders as a means of enhancing the usefulness and acceptance of the survey.
Macro International provides technical assistance for the AIS through the MEASURE DHS project.
Typically, an AIS with HIV testing requires about 8-10 visits at critical stages by staff with varying expertise
(e.g., survey design, sampling, biomarker training, data processing, report writing). Macro also provides the
use of its package of standard materials like the core questionnaires, field manuals, data processing
programs, report templates, and data dissemination materials.
TIMETABLE
Namibia has begun initial discussions with Macro for the AIS to begin data collection in approximately
September 2009. The Ministry of Health has formed a Technical Working Group that has met multiple times
and will begin more intensive planning 6-10 months prior to the projected start of the data collection as per
Activity Narrative: the Macro recommendations. This is especially important since HIV testing will be included in the AIS, in
order to allow for ethical review of the testing protocol and for ordering and shipping of supplies. CDC TA for
lab is included in this TWG in order to advise on the testing and logistics management as well as the USAID
and CDC SI/M&E Advisors. The survey takes approximately 12-18 months to complete, including 6-8
months of preparation (design, approvals, sampling, pretesting), 2-3 months of fieldwork, 2 months of data
processing and tabulation, and 2-3 months for report writing, editing, and formatting.
Continuing Activity: 19404
19404 19404.08 U.S. Agency for Macro 7363 1388.08 MEASURE DHS $1,650,000
Estimated amount of funding that is planned for Human Capacity Development $150,000
