PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2011 2012 2013
CDC HQ is in the third year of a Cooperative Agreement with WHO to address the Global HIV Pandemic. CDC Mozambique is tapping into this Cooperative agreement to address the MARPS populations in prisons. In 2008, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)'s Regional Office for Southern Africa launched a regional programme covering Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland and Zambia. The main objectives of this programme: 'HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care, Treatment, and Support in Prisons Settings in Southern Africa', are to:
(i) To reduce the risk of transmission of HIV within prisons and;
(ii) To reduce mortalities related to HIV and AIDS in prisons.
These objectives are expected to be achieved through advocacy for improved prisoners' and prison staff's access to HIV and AIDS services by addressing structural issues such as rules and regulations, overcrowding, monitoring and improving general conditions of prisons at the same time supporting the operationalisation of national policies. The programme also extends technical capacity building to service providers as well as raising their awareness on HIV and AIDS in Prisons. The expected overall impact of this project is, improved health status of prisoners, prison staff and all those in the prison system.
In the context of the above mentioned UNODC Regional Programme the present proposal for activities , in line with programme objectives and expected outcomes, aims at supporting efforts to strengthen the government leadership and prioritisation for an effective and evidence based response to HIV/AIDS, TB and STIs in prison settings by the Ministry of Justice- National Prisons Services, Ministry of Health and other relevant stakeholders. It will also aims at increasing coordination within government itself and between implementing partners in the planning and implementation of efforts.
The activities proposed target the two following areas: :
1. Establishment of provincial multi-sectorial working groups on HIV/AIDS, TB and STIs in prisons. (Related to outcome 2 and 3 of the current programme)
2. Increase capacity of both government and civil society in coordination skills and HIV/AIDS, TB and STI in prisons knowledge and surveillance. (Related to outcome 4 of the current programme)
The roll-out of the activities will benefit from technical inputs of a multi-sectorial HIV in Prisons working group, that is chaired by National Prisons Services and has members from Ministry of Health, WHO, UNAIDS, UNFPA, Pathfinder among others.
Prison Activities with UNODC through WHO CDC Cooperative Agreement: A number of factors contribute to make the prison environment a particularly high risk environment for transmission. Injecting drug use (IDU) is frequent in many countries and due to its efficiency IDU with contaminated equipment is one of the principle ways that HIV may be transmitted in prisons. Unprotected male to male sex is also rife in prisons and while much of the sex among men in prisons is consensual, rape and various forms of sexual abuse are frequent. Women and girls in prison are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse and exploitation by both prisoners and staff.
It has been noted that high rates of HIV in prisons reflect two main scenarios:
In countries with high rates of HIV infection in the general population, infection rates are driven primarily by unsafe heterosexual sex. In these countries, high rates of HIV infection among prisoners are related to high rates of HIV infection in the wider population as a whole. The continued spread of HIV within the prisons in these countries is related especially to sexual contact (primarily men having sex with men), as well as unsafe medical practices or sharing of razors etc.
Countries in which there are high rates of HIV infection among injecting drug users, many of whom spend time in prison, and some of whom continue to inject while incarcerated. In these countries, high rates of HIV infection are related primarily to the sharing and reuse of injecting equipment outside and inside prison.
UNODC is currently implementing a regional program on HIV prevention, treatment, care and support in prisons for prison staff and prisoners since 2008. The current program has been very successful and well received by government and civil society. During the implementation of the regional programme, it has become clear that greater emphasis and development of targeted activities would be desirable. However, limited and already earmarked resources have prevented the programme team from including some relevant related activities which are deemed beneficial to the programme beneficiaries. The identified activities below would enable a more comprehensive delivery of support as it relates to prison and HIV in Mozambique. Therefore it is in this respect that supplementary funds are solicited to support and increase activities that are already identified in the current programme.
The activities will focus on;
Supporting efforts to increase leadership and prioritization of HIV in prisons response at regional level
Strengthening HIV and TB surveillance in prisons
