PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2011 2012
This is a continuing activity in COP2012. Having stringent biosafety measures in place while dealing with biohazard materials and infectious agents in a laboratory setting is critical to maintaining high quality laboratory testing and attaining WHO laboratory accreditation. Currently, Ethiopia has no capacity for certification of biosafety cabinets, relies on costly consultants from South Africa, yet has 24 laboratories enrolled in the first round of the WHO/AFRO laboratory accreditation process. The goal of the African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET) biosafety program is to provide biosafety cabinet maintenance and certification and build sustainable local capacity to assume this key laboratory function in the future. The rapid expansion of specialized laboratory services together with the increasing number of laboratories needing accreditation requires greater attention to biosafety issues. Due to the absence of in-country capacity, HHS/CDC and the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Institute (EHNRI) previously contracted with firms abroad to certify more than 25 biosafety cabinets in Ethiopia. This was time consuming and expensive. Building local capacity for biosafety cabinet certification is significantly more cost-effective and sustainable. The AFNET biosafety program supports the laboratory strengthening goals of the GOE's National Strategic Plan II (SPMII) as well as the GOE and USG HIV/AIDS Partnership Framework and Global Health Initiative. The success of the AFENET biosafety program will be evaluated based on the number of locally trained biomedical engineers on biosafety cabinet certification, the number of biosafety cabinets certified and the calibration of measuring equipment.
To meet the need for highly specialized laboratory services, Ethiopia will have at least 6 biosafety level III laboratories for TB culture and drug sensitivity testing and rapid drug resistance detection and 7 biosafety level II laboratories for viral load and DNA PCR testing. The national reference laboratory, EHNRI, has become an integrated advanced laboratory that deals with highly contagious agents like Influenza and other emerging infectious diseases. All laboratories are equipped with biosafety cabinets. Regular monitoring and certification of the biosafety cabinet functionality is essential to protecting the laboratory personnel and environment from contamination and ensuring high quality testing. It is also a requirement for attaining WHO accreditation. There is no in-country capacity for biosafety cabinet certification nor is there a comprehensive in-service biosafety training of laboratory engineers and related personnel. Currently, safety cabinets are being used with no functionality check, which is against national safety guidelines. Many cabinets are not working due to the absence of timely installation and maintenance services. The EHNRI biomedical equipment maintenance engineers have not been trained and lack appropriate tools to maintain cabinets. AFENET will both provide immediate biosafety cabinet maintenance and implement a training and certification course to build local capacity. AFENET will assess biosafety cabinets for functionality, check air velocity, replace parts like HEPA filters, and calibrate pipettes and balances. AFENET's goal is to certify 50 cabinets annually. EHNRI maintenance engineers will be mentored by AFENET staff and become certified on maintenance and certification of biosafety cabinets. AFENET will customize a standard biosafety training curriculum developed by HHS/CDC to the Ethiopian context, conduct a "training of trainers" course and then roll-out the training to each region. The training will include hands-on biosafety cabinet certification. AFENET's goal is to fully train and certify 14 maintenance engineers.
