PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
ASM in coordination with CDC-Ethiopia, MOH, and EHNRI will continue and expand its technical assistance to the Ethiopian public health laboratory network, with emphasis on clinical microbiology, including tuberculosis (TB), other opportunistic infections (OI), and sexually-transmitted infections (STI). ASM will engage indigenous universities and local organizations to build capacity, transfer technology and ensure sustainability. The activities proposed by ASM for COP 2010 are outlined below and are in line with the laboratory master plan:
Objective 1 : Improve human resources and laboratory infrastructure for OI and STI diagnostics
Activity 1: Reinforce core functions of the Central Microbiology Laboratory (CML) -
ASM mentors will continue to provide onsite training to the CML staff in routine and specialized clinical microbiology (bacteriology, mycology and parasitology) procedures, including antimicrobial susceptibility testing; efficient lab operation and workflow; and QA/QC procedures.
Activity 2: Improve surveillance and referral networks for microbiological diseases -
ASM will assist with the development of expanded test panels, national guidelines and SOPs for specimen collection, transport from health centers and hospitals and subsequent testing, as well as recording and reporting of test results
Activity 3: Strengthen pre-service, in-service, and continuing medical education for microbiology-
ASM will partner with EHNRI, I-TECH, major local and US-based universities, and other institutions involved in educating Ethiopian lab scientists to strengthen clinical microbiology curricula.
Activity4: Support for national microbiology External Quality Assurance (EQA) program -
ASM consultants will provide continuous onsite supervision and training for strengthening of national microbiology EQA program. This will include mentoring on providing feedback for supervisory visits and panel test results, and data analysis.
Activity 5: Support implementation of goals set forth by National Strategic Plan -
ASM consultants will provide guidance with implementing the goals defined in the National Strategic Plan for Clinical Microbiology, along with determining how to measure and evaluate implementation.
Objective 2: Improve human resources and laboratory infrastructure for TB diagnostics
Activity 1: Strengthen the National TB Reference Laboratory (NRL) and the regional laboratory at St. Peter's Hospital for TB liquid culture and DST -
ASM mentors will continue to train staff at these labs on basic TB culture procedures, instrument operation and maintenance, and QA/QC
Activity 2: Decentralization of TB liquid culture and DST to regional laboratories -
ASM, in coordination with other stakeholders such as Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) and UNITAID , will assist with decentralization of TB liquid culture and DST in other regional labs.
Activity 3: Strengthen EQA for AFB smear microscopy -
ASM consultants will provide continuous onsite supervision and training for strengthening of AFB microscopy EQA program including blinded rechecking, supervisory visits, and panel testing; providing feedback on results; and data analysis.
Objective 3: Support the introduction of new diagnostic tools for TB, OI and STI
ASM will partner with EHNRI, FIND and other organizations to assess introduction of new diagnostic tools for microbial infectious diseases including PCR for rapid detection of STI and line probe assay for identification and DST of TB.
Objective 4: Assist with creation/strengthening of local microbiological and public health laboratory society(ies)
ASM will use its experience and resources to assist in the development of a formal infrastructure at the national level that can effectively advocate for policy reforms toward improving laboratory quality systems. At the center of the advocacy strategy is the strengthening of Ethiopian Public Health Laboratory Association. This will ensure local capacity building and sustainability.
Objective 5: Support TB/HIV integration
Technical assistance for TB/HIV management -
ASM will assist the MoH in strengthening better management of TB/HIV co-infection, including routine referral of all TB patients for HIV counseling and testing, and prophylactic cotrimoxazole and other preventive therapies to HIV-infected patients who are tuberculin skin test positive.
Monitoring and Evaluation
ASM's M&E expert will work closely with Ethiopian stakeholders to report results according to the nationally developed M&E scheme, as well as assist with identifying additional quality indicators for each activity supported through this funding mechanism. Regular reports to inform progress of the implementation of these strategies will be provided. ASM maintains no in-country presence and works in tandem with local CDC laboratory personnel who are co-located in EHNRI, thereby maximizing efficiency in terms of cost and having technical assistance appropriately targeted in advance.
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