PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2008 2009
Income Generation for PLWH (Small-Scale Dairy)
This is a continuing activity from the FY07 supplemental.
As of April 2007, approximately 130,000 HIV/AIDS care beneficiaries, including 60,000 ART clients, require
broadened care and support activities to stabilize their household livelihoods to increase their adherence to
preventive care and treatment services. Observations during recent site visits including the Core Team
indicate that broad expansion of the ART program has altered the characteristics and needs of beneficiaries
receiving community-based care from palliative care to long-term chronic care and livelihood stabilization.
Late presentation into the HIV/AIDS care and treatment program exacerbates an individual's poverty status
as as it becomes necessary to shed personal or household assets and migrate to new towns because of
ART service availability or stigma and discrimination. An expansion of income-generation activities (IGA) for
those enrolled in care and treatment services is necessary to provide a continuum of care that graduates
individuals to basic clinical management without other major support services, as they are productive and
healthy individuals. Each beneficiary will receive time-limited support to establish income-generating
activities in parallel to on-going care and treatment services. Upon graduation the majority of beneficiaries
will have a small sustainable income to support themselves.
PEPFAR Ethiopia proposes to continue and expand an FY07 activity that contributed Global HIV/AIDS
Initiative (GHAI) funds into a pre-existing mechanism funded through USAID/Ethiopia's Office of Business,
Environment, Agriculture and Trade (BEAT) to expand income-generation activities specific to smallholder
dairy production for HIV/AIDS care and treatment beneficiaries. PEPFAR Ethiopia proposes to add an
additional $1,000,000 to continue implementation of the FY07 activity and expand this activity to a larger
population. PEPFAR Ethiopia will continue to benefit from and leverage $5,000,000 of USG Development
Assistance funding and technical expertise from the ongoing BEAT dairy development project to implement
revenue-generating activities for urban/peri-urban beneficiaries currently enrolled in the HIV/AIDS care and
treatment program. The current BEAT agreement has provided some wraparound but is not able to
significantly expand to meet the requirements of PEPFAR's care program without additional funding.
Furthermore, the partner will provide technical leadership for other PEPFAR partners working on community
-based care on agricultural income-generation activities.
PEPFAR funding would leverage investments by BEAT within an existing mechanism to introduce or
strengthen smallholder dairy production to urban/peri-urban persons currently enrolled in the HIV/AIDS care
and treatment program in ART health networks.
The FY08 program will continue with implementation of dairy income-generation activities for beneficiaries
selected in FY07 and will select new beneficiaries in FY08. Beneficiary selection will occur using existing
community-based care structures within local government/local faith-based associations and local
nongovernmental organizations. The program anticipates establishing smallholder dairy businesses,
including dairy production (majority), fodder production, small-scale processing, and milk marketing for an
additional 10,000 persons enrolled in care and treatment services. Current and additional technical staff
would provide technical assistance for all aspects of the dairy operations, mentioned above, including micro
-credit, for this target group.
Land O'Lakes, an international NGO, is currently implementing a market-driven, private sector-led dairy
program in Ethiopia focused on increasing productivity of smallholder dairy farmers (1-5 cows) to generate
income in urban/peri-urban areas that overlap with several ART health networks that contain thousands of
ART beneficiaries. Such areas include but are not limited to Gonder, Bahir Dar, Debra Markos and Addis
Ababa "milksheds". The program offers technical assistance in all areas necessary for successful
smallholder dairy production and marketing: animal nutrition and fodder production, breeding and artificial
insemination, animal housing, cooperative strengthening, health and hygiene, veterinarian care, milk
marketing, small scale value-added production, business management.
The program has been successful in significantly raising milk production and incomes of smallholder
farmers. A smallholder dairy farmer with three improved cows, for example can earn from approximately
$6.00 to $15.00 per day from milk sales. The market for raw milk is strong because demand for milk is
higher than available supply. Since August 2005, the program has provided training and technical
assistance to over 25,627 beneficiaries.
Urban and peri-urban areas are within easy distance of milk collection and sales points. Peri-urban
smallholders have the added advantage of land area for growing fodder. The high price of dairy livestock
fodder is a constraint for urban smallholders without land for raising their own fodder.
This program will be coordinated with other palliative care mechanisms providing social support to avoid
duplication and overlap.
