PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
Years of mechanism: 2010 2011 2012
This implementing mechanism is unchanged from last year. National Institute of Public Health (NIPH)
Comprehensive Goals and HIV-specific Objectives
The National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) is a semi-autonomous research institute designated by the Ministry of Health (MoH) as the HIV national reference laboratory (NRL). It works closely with other institutions and national centers as well as with the provincial health departments (PHD). The NIPH aims to become the Center of Excellence for the Cambodian MoH. Its comprehensive goal is to improve the public health system, to assist in the implementation of the Health Care System Reform through training and operational research. The NIPH is dedicated to improving laboratory capacity and infrastructure to support HIV/AIDS programs in Cambodia.
With FY10 PEPFAR dollars, the NIPH will continue to strengthen the NIPH capacity in its role as the HIV NRL, and to develop a network of provincial and district laboratories capable of supporting of HIV testing, care and treatment, and surveillance. The NIPH will implement quality assurance programs, and will mentor staff through supportive supervision and training.
Target Populations
NIPH activities will target to improve the health of the 13.4 million inhabitants of Cambodia.
Geographic coverage
Although the NIPH supports USG-funded laboratories in the provinces of Battambang, Banteay Meanchey, Pursat and Pailin, it also uses USG funds to provide services including training to health care workers in Phnom Penh and other provinces. For example, not all of the 218 VCCT labs and blood banks for which NIPH prepares external quality assurance (EQA) panels are in USG focus provinces. Specimens tested at the NIPH for HIV early infant diagnosis are collected from 23 sites in 16 provinces.
Making the Most of HIV Resources
The NIPH uses funds from the Global Fund, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Clinton HIV/AIDS Foundation (CHAI), and the CDC Influenza program to conduct training and procure equipment. CHAI pays the rent for CD4 machines and pays for EQA programs. UNICEF pays for the transport of specimens to NIPH for HIV early infant diagnosis while CHAI procures the consumables for fingersticks and GF finances the reagents. The CDC Influenza program has renovated the molecular laboratory which is used for HIV early infant diagnosis and HIV viral load testing as well as influenza diagnosis. CDC Headquarters provides several EQA programs as does the US National Institutes of Health which uses NIPH as a site for HIV Clinical trials. Leveraging resources from WHO and the CDC Influenza Program, the NIPH will be capable of conducting opportunistic infection diagnosis and has hired a microbiology laboratory supervisor and two technicians in FY09. The CDC Influenza Program financed the renovation of the microbiology laboratory and will pay the salary of contract staff while developing capacity for respiratory diseases surveillance and bacterial culture in FY10. WHO has provided reagents to support surveillance and emergency response for infectious disease outbreaks.
Cross-cutting Areas
NIPH, in collaboration with NCHADS, will leverage GFATM monies by providing proficiency testing panels to 22 provincial blood transfusion service, 218 VCCT and 17 PMTCT sites. Supervision and training provided by NIPH to provincial laboratories will benefit vertical national programs and ADB infectious disease programs. NIPH contributes to the prevention of HIV/AIDS, TB, and decreases mortality from outbreaks of emerging infections. By conducting reference testing, NIPH helps to strengthen the quality and credibility of surveillance data.
Enhancing Sustainability and Country Ownership
NIPH will contribute to a sustainable laboratory infrastructure by developing staff capacity through training in quality laboratory management and by organizing quarterly laboratory network meetings with the provincial health departments. Over time, these laboratories will be able to conduct internal audits and rely less on NIPH for supervision. These laboratories will be able to give technical support to national surveillance programs.
NIPH works directly with partners to obtain other resources. NIPH participates in research studies with other donors. Establishing a national policy to address the deficiencies of the laboratory system is another strategy to creating a sustainable laboratory infrastructure. As the lead of the sub-technical working group for blood safety and laboratory services, NIPH, in collaboration with different stakeholders, organizations, and the national programs will finalize and submit to the MOH the national laboratory policy, the standard operating procedure for management of integrated laboratories, and the national laboratory strategic plan.
Monitoring and evaluation
To monitor and evaluate the progress of activities, USG laboratory staff participate in regular meetings with NIPH senior management and the quality assurance unit team. NIPH submits quarterly, semi-annual and annual reports to USG. Any request for budget reprogramming is reviewed by USG. To ensure the quality of equipment and supplies to be purchased, USG laboratory staff reviews the technical specifications before and during the bidding process.
This implementing mechanism is unchanged from last year.
