PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
1. LIST OF RELATED ACTIVITIES This activity is linked to other IS activities (#7010, #8824, #8821).
2. ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION This activity relates to the prevention of HIV transmission by medical injections through acquisition of strategic information by the generation of a sound evidence base on injection practices in a spectrum of health care facilities across the country including provincial, district and faith-based hospitals, health centers, nursing homes and dispensaries. The University of Nairobi, Clinical Epidemiology Unit (CEU) will implement this activity. CEU was established in 1989 within the College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, and is a member of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN), founded in 1980 with support from the Rockefeller Foundation.
It is comprised of a team of medical and public health specialists brought together by the common need of creating a pool of experts in health research development. Its multidisciplinary nature permits the provision of a wide range of quality services in health research, training, study design, data collection, data analysis and translation of research findings into health action through policy change and practice.
Two targeted evaluations will be conducted by the CEU to determine:
1. Injection practices, factors that influence demand for injections, prescription of injections and reuse of injection equipment in Kenya, injection use in the informal sector and the prevalence of needle stick injuries. The direct and indirect cost of injectable therapy as compared to alternative routes of medication will be determined with a view to advocating for rational injection use and review of national treatment guidelines and Essential Drugs Lists.
2. Attitudes, beliefs and practices related to the use of suppositories in Kenya. Information from this activity will guide the development of information, education and communication material targeting policy makers, health care workers and the community with the aim of changing misconceptions about injections and promoting rational injection use and safe injection practices.
3. CONTRIBUTIONS TO OVERALL PROGRAM AREA Strategic information from this activity will guide intervention programs in Injection Safety as well as all HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment and nfection prevention and control interventions in the Ministry of Health. Additionally, the strategic information will form a basis for monitoring and evaluating the success of injection safety interventions. As the HIV treatment program is scaled up and brings more HIV/AIDS patients to health care facilities, measures must be put in to place to protect health care workers and other patients from nosocomial infections. This program will contribute to the aversion of up to 5% new cases of HIV in the country.
4. LINKS TO OTHER ACTIVITIES This activity is linked to injection safety initiatives implemented by the Ministry of Health, National AIDS and STI Control Program (NASCOP) (#7010), Danya International (#8824) and JHPIEGO (#8821) and to PEPFAR care and treatment programs.
5. POPULATIONS BEING TARGETED This activity targets all health care workers, nurses, doctors, clinical officers, lab personnel, health care waste handlers, policy makers and the general public.
6. EMPHASIS AREAS This activity consists of two targeted evaluations and minor emphasis in advocacy, development and dissemination of policies, guidelines and protocols for best practice and evidence-based approaches. This activity will also contribute to local organization capacity development.
