PEPFAR's annual planning process is done either at the country (COP) or regional level (ROP).
PEPFAR's programs are implemented through implementing partners who apply for funding based on PEPFAR's published Requests for Applications.
Since 2010, PEPFAR COPs have grouped implementing partners according to an organizational type. We have retroactively applied these classifications to earlier years in the database as well.
Also called "Strategic Areas", these are general areas of HIV programming. Each program area has several corresponding budget codes.
Specific areas of HIV programming. Budget Codes are the lowest level of spending data available.
Expenditure Program Areas track general areas of PEPFAR expenditure.
Expenditure Sub-Program Areas track more specific PEPFAR expenditures.
Object classes provide highly specific ways that implementing partners are spending PEPFAR funds on programming.
Cross-cutting attributions are areas of PEPFAR programming that contribute across several program areas. They contain limited indicative information related to aspects such as human resources, health infrastructure, or key populations programming. However, they represent only a small proportion of the total funds that PEPFAR allocates through the COP process. Additionally, they have changed significantly over the years. As such, analysis and interpretation of these data should be approached carefully. Learn more
Beneficiary Expenditure data identify how PEPFAR programming is targeted at reaching different populations.
Sub-Beneficiary Expenditure data highlight more specific populations targeted for HIV prevention and treatment interventions.
PEPFAR sets targets using the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting (MER) System - documentation for which can be found on PEPFAR's website at https://www.pepfar.gov/reports/guidance/. As with most data on this website, the targets here have been extracted from the COP documents. Targets are for the fiscal year following each COP year, such that selecting 2016 will access targets for FY2017. This feature is currently experimental and should be used for exploratory purposes only at present.
he Ghana Health Services (GHS) is a public service body responsible for implementation of national policies under the control of the Ministry of Health (MOH) through the GHS Council. The GHS has the mandate to provide and manage comprehensive and accessible health services with special emphasis on primary health care at regional, district and sub-district levels in accordance with approved national policies. As part of its mandate, GHS is charged with: developing appropriate strategies and setting technical guidelines to achieve national policy goals/objectives; undertaking management and administration of the overall health resources; establishing effective mechanisms for disease surveillance, prevention and control; and managing health information relating to patients, facilities and services, both on paper and by means of information and communications technology. The GHS also has mandate to increase access to quality health services and provide in-service training and continuing education for health professionals. USG-Ghana's Partnership Framework (PF) will provide assistance to the GHS to build capacity nationally for the sustainability of quality laboratory and medical services related to HIV, tuberculosis and malaria in the areas of policy development, training, specimen referral systems, implementation of quality systems with a long term goal towards laboratory accreditation, standardization of information systems, and data collection in line with country requirements. USG will provide technical assistance for process improvement in the areas of laboratory and strategic information, including accreditation of selected hospital laboratories. USG will also provide critical support to the National Blood Transfusion Services (NBTS), a unit under the Institutional Care Division of the GHS, through this mechanism.
CDC provided teachnical assistance to the Ghana Health Services (GHS) in implementing a new aggregate data capture system. CDC will continue to work on this system to incorporate additional aggregates currently being captured by parallel systems, with a special emphasis on laboratory and HIV aggregates; to create additional reports; to improve data use and data quality; and to provide supportive supervision to sites which experience implementation difficulties. In addition, work will continue on other partnership framework tasks, such as creating a help desk and improving the ART monitoring software so as to work with the new aggregate system. Finally, work may be undertaken on additional elements of the Ghana Health Information System strategic plan, such as deployment of a human resource system and evaluation of a trial of an experimental system using cell phones to support community health workers providing antenatal care.
CDC will work with the GHS to implement a multi-focal plan to strengthen blood services in Ghana.
Current efforts to increase donor mobilization and retention, particularly of volunteer, non-remunerated donors from low risk populations, are constrained by lack of reliable, adequate and appropriate transport for donor education, mobilization and outreach services. The primary strategy will be to determine the most cost-effective, reliable, safe and durable methods of improving transport to increase the reliability and accessibility of blood services. Options will include purchasing vehicles, leasing dedicated transport, sharing vehicles with other GHS entities, etc.
Volunteer donors only account for 28% of the approximately 140,000 units of blood collected in Ghana in 2008. PEPFAR support will be used to develop a comprehensive, direct public social marketing campaign to increase the volume of volunteer, uncompensated blood donors. This cost-effective proposal would utilize posters, flyers, billboards and public service messages to reach potential volunteer donors.
Most of the blood services staff have not had any recent or ongoing, in-service training. Newly hired staff are not presently given an orientation and do not receive adequate pre-service training to perform their jobs. The goal for PEPFAR funding is to increase the quality, frequency, sustainability and capacity to conduct targeted training for blood procurement, laboratory technicians and clinicians involved in blood services. Training will include topics on quality, safety, appropriate clinical use of blood and blood products, laboratory testing, component processing, storage, distribution and supply, and waste disposal.
Currently there is inadequate cold storage capacity to ensure the safety, reliability and accessibility of blood products at the ten regional and 170 district hospitals. PEPFAR will support the purchase of blood storage refrigerators to improve storage capacity at a network of geographically dispersed priority hospitals. The appropriate type, size, and specifications of the units will be determined by GHS to ensure cost-efficiency, durability and reliability for optimum performance.
There is a need to strengthen the collection, processing, transmission, analysis, dissemination and evaluation of blood service data and information across the network of regional and hospital based blood centers. Assistance will be provided to the GHS to ensure that the national blood service headquarters and blood transfusion facilities are connected by wide area networks to the greatest extent possible, using existing infrastructure and infrastructure being installed under PF activities to connect laboratories, regional offices and warehouses. Dedicated infrastructure will be procured and installed as part of this activity.
The Ghana Health Service will continue to support the development and dissemination of the National Laboratory Strategic Plan and policy documents. GHS will also continue to support the cost of training of laboratory professionals on quality management systems (QMS). These trained laboratory professionals will continue to transfer skills, knowledge and capacity, ensuring a sustained impact.
The GHS will continue to work towards strengthening laboratory capacity for monitoring trends in HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) resistance. Funds will support the salaries of a Quality Manager for TB and ten Regional Supervisors responsible for EQA for TB AFB smear microscopy.
The GHS will ensure that new algorithms for HIV diagnostics are validated and properly used. GHS will purchase HIV rapid test kits and required consumables to conduct national HIV testing algorithm validations. Funds will be used to provide technical support to HIV surveillance activities (including incidence studies).
GHS will continue to develop and strengthen the national sample referral system and results reporting. Resources will go to ensure specimens are appropriately transported to maintain their integrity, ensuring testing and return within specified turnaround times for appropriate interventions.
